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taeniodont ... Tai languages

taeniodont any member of an extinct suborder (Taeniodonta) of mammals that lived in North America throughout the Paleocene Epoch and into the middle of the Eocene Epoch (that is, about 65.5-43 million years ago). The taeniodont is part of the larger mammalian order Cimolesta, a diverse group ranging from small insectivorous ... taenite nickel-iron mineral having a face-centred cubic structure and playing a major role in the crystallization and structure of iron meteorites and stony iron meteorites. It is sometimes referred to as gamma iron, after one of the three temperature-dependent forms (allotropes) of pure iron, because the taenite is stabilized in the ... Taeuber, Conrad; and Barnes Taeuber, Irene American demographers, statisticians, and social scientists whose scholarly work helped found the science of demography and made them authorities on population movements in the United States. Taewon-gun father of the Korean king Kojong. Taff Vale case (1900-01), in Great Britain, the successful trial of a suit brought by the Taff Vale Railway Company against the Amalgamated Society of Railway Servants (ASRS) in which the courts held that a union could be sued for damages caused by the actions of its officials in industrial disputes. Opposition to ... taffeta fine, crisp plain-woven fabric with a faint weft, or filling-way, rib due to the greater number of warp threads than filling threads. It frequently has a lustrous surface. There are two distinct types of silk taffeta: yarn-dyed and piece-dyed. Yarn-dyed taffeta has a stiff handle and a rustle known as ... taffy flavoured syrup candy of Europe and the Americas that is cooked and then rigorously worked during cooling into a hard, chewy, glossy mass. Although the great 19th-century demand for taffy gave way in the mid-20th century to the popularity of chocolates and caramels, taffy remained widely available in its original ... Tafilalt largest Saharan oasis of Morocco, in the southeastern part of the country. The oasis comprises the fortified villages of Erfoud, Arab Sebbah du Ziz, Rissani, Seffalat, Aoufous, and Jorf, together with palm groves stretching 30 miles (50 km) along the Wadi Ziz. Its old capital was the Amazigh (Berber) stronghold ... tafsir the science of explanation of the Qur'an, the sacred scripture of Islam, or of Qur'anic commentary. So long as Muhammad, the Prophet of Islam, was alive, no other authority for interpretations of the Qur'anic revelations was recognized by Muslims. Upon his death, however, commentaries were needed because the text, when ... Taft, Helen American first lady (1909-13), the wife of William Howard Taft, 27th U.S. president and 10th chief justice of the U.S. Supreme Court. Taft, Lorado American sculptor of portrait busts and monumental, allegorical works. He was also an influential teacher and writer. Taft, Robert A. Republican leader in the U.S. Senate for 14 years (1939-53) whose espousal of traditional conservatism won him the sobriquet "Mr. Republican"; his failure to receive the presidential nomination in 1948 and 1952 was indicative of the defeat of isolationism by the internationalist wing of the party. Taft, William Howard 27th president of the United States (1909-13) and 10th chief justice of the United States (1921-30). As the choice of Pres. Theodore Roosevelt to succeed him and carry on the progressive Republican agenda, Taft as president alienated the progressives-and later Roosevelt-thereby contributing greatly to the split in Republican ranks in ... Taft-Hartley Act (1947), in U.S. history, law-enacted over the veto of Pres. Harry S. Truman-amending much of the pro-union Wagner Act of 1935. A variety of factors, including the fear of Communist infiltration of labour unions, the tremendous growth in both membership and power of unions, and a series of large-scale strikes, ... tag children's game in which, in its simplest form, the player who is "it" chases the other players, trying to touch one of them, thereby making that person "it." The game is known by many names, such as leapsa in Romania and kynigito in parts of modern Greece. In some variants ... Tagalog largest cultural-linguistic group in the Philippines. They form the dominant population in the city of Manila; in all provinces bordering Manila Bay except Pampanga; in Nueva Ecija to the north; and in Batangas, Laguna, Marinduque, Mindoro, and Quezon to the south. Tagalog is an Austronesian (Malayo-Polynesian) language like the other ... Tagalog language member of the Central Philippine branch of the Austronesian (Malayo-Polynesian) language family and the base for Pilipino, an official language of the Philippines, together with English. It is most closely related to Bicol and the Bisayan (Visayan) languages-Cebuano, Hiligaynon (Ilongo), and Samar. Native Tagalog speakers form the second largest linguistic ... Taganrog city and seaport, Rostov oblast (region), southwestern Russia. It lies on the northern coast of Taganrog Gulf of the Sea of Azov. Founded as a fortress and naval base in 1698 by Peter I the Great, Taganrog developed in the 19th century as a grain-exporting port. Although overshadowed by Rostov-na-Donu, ... Tagawa city, Fukuoka ken (prefecture), Kyushu, Japan, on the upper Onga River. It was a farm village until the systematic exploitation of nearby coalfields began after 1900. Tagawa was the largest mining town in the Chikuho coalfield region until 1970, when the last of the mines was closed. The city's main ... Tagaytay city, southwestern Luzon, Philippines. It is located on Tagaytay Ridge at about 2,000 feet (600 m) above sea level, on the northern flank of Mount Taal. The city is a weekend retreat, popular for its cool climate and outstanding view to the south of Taal Lake, with an active volcano ... Tagbilaran city on Bohol Island, in the Bohol (Mindanao) Sea, Philippines. Tagbilaran lies along the Bohol Strait and is sheltered by Panglao Island. It is a principal port of the area, with warehouses and distributory outlets, regular interisland service to Cebu and Mindanao islands, and a busy passenger traffic, particularly of ... Tagelied (from Middle High German Tageliet, "day song"), a medieval German dawn song, or song of lament by lovers parting at dawn. The Tagelied is similar to the Provencal alba and may have been derived from it. The most notable composer of Tagelieder was the 13th-century poet Wolfram von Eschenbach. Taggard, Genevieve American poet who, though best remembered for her biography of Emily Dickinson, was much admired for her lyric verse that deftly and passionately mingles intellectual, personal, social, and aesthetic concerns. Taginae, Battle of (June or July 552), decisive engagement fought near what is now the town of Gualdo Tadino, Italy. In the battle the Byzantine general Narses defeated the main body of the Goths, who were led by their Christian king, Totila. Taglioni, Filippo Italian dancer and choreographer who developed the Romantic style of ballets. Taglioni, Marie Italian ballet dancer whose fragile, delicate dancing typified the early 19th-century Romantic style. tagmemics a system of linguistic analysis developed by the American linguist Kenneth L. Pike in the 1950s and applied to the description of a very large number of hitherto unrecorded languages. Tagmemics differs from alternative systems of grammatical analysis in that it defines the basic units of language (tagmemes) as composite ... Tagore, Debendranath Hindu philosopher and religious reformer, active in the Brahmo Samaj ("Society of Brahma," also translated as "Society of God"), which purged the Hindu religion and way of life of many abuses. Tagore, Rabindranath Bengali poet, short-story writer, song composer, playwright, essayist, and painter who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1913. Tagore introduced new prose and verse forms and the use of colloquial language into Bengali literature, thereby freeing it from traditional models based on classical Sanskrit. He was highly influential ... Tagula Island volcanic island of the Louisiade Archipelago, Papua New Guinea, southwestern Pacific Ocean. It lies 175 miles (280 km) southeast of the island of New Guinea. The largest island of the archipelago, measuring 50 by 15 miles (80 by 24 km), Tagula has an area of 310 square miles (800 square ... Tagus River longest waterway of the Iberian Peninsula. It rises in the Sierra de Albarracin of eastern Spain, at a point about 90 miles (150 km) from the Mediterranean coast, and flows westward across Spain and Portugal for 626 miles (1,007 km) to empty into the Atlantic Ocean near Lisbon. Its drainage ... Taha Husayn outstanding figure of the modernist movement in Egyptian literature whose writings, in Arabic, include novels, stories, criticism, and social and political essays. Outside Egypt he is best known through his autobiography, Al-Ayyam (3 vol., 1929-67; The Days), the first modern Arab literary work to be acclaimed in the West. tahajjud (Arabic: "keeping vigil"), in Islamic practice, the recitation of the Qur'an (Islamic scriptures) and prayers during the night. Tahajjud is generally regarded as sunnah (tradition) and not fard (obligation). There are many verses in the Qur'an that encourage these nightly recitations and other verses that indicate such practices should remain ... Tahan, Mount highest peak of the Malay Peninsula (7,175 feet [2,187 m]), in the Tahan Range, West Malaysia. Mount Tahan is the central feature of Taman Negara National Park and a destination for mountaineers who begin their ascent from nearby Kuala Tahan, headquarters of the park. The Tahan Range parallels the Main ... tahara system of ritual purity in Islam. This system is based on two premises: the first is that humans lapse from a state appropriate to ritual activity as a result of certain bodily acts, such as defecation, sexual intercourse, or menstruation. Second, there are certain substances, such as pork or blood, ... Taharqa fourth king (reigned 690-664 BCE) of the 25th dynasty of ancient Egypt (see ancient Egypt: The 24th and 25th dynasties). Tahina palm sole member of the palm tree genus Tahina (family Arecaceae). The palm is characterized by its spectacular end-of-life flowering. It is endemic to the Analalava district of northwestern Madagascar, where it inhabits seasonally flooded scrublands. The species was discovered in 2008 by Malagasy cashew grower Xavier Metz; the palm is ... tahini paste of crushed sesame seeds that is widely used in Middle Eastern cooking. Tahini mixed with garlic, lemon juice, and salt and thinned with water constitutes taratoor, a sauce that is eaten as a dip with Arab bread as part of a selection of meze, or hors d'oeuvres. Taratoor is ... Tahirid Dynasty (AD 821-873), Islamic dynasty of the land of Khorasan (centred in northeastern Persia), which owed nominal allegiance to the 'Abbasid caliph at Baghdad but enjoyed virtual independence. The dynasty was founded by Tahir ibn al-Husayn, a successful military general awarded the eastern lands by the caliph. Tahir's successors pushed their ... Tahiti largest island of the Iles du Vent (Windward Islands) of the Society Islands, French Polynesia, in the central South Pacific Ocean. Its nearest neighbour is Moorea, 12 miles (20 km) to the northwest. The island of Tahiti consists of two ancient eroded volcanic cones, Tahiti Nui and Tahiti Iti (the ... Tahlequah city, seat (1907) of Cherokee county, eastern Oklahoma, U.S., in the foothills of the Ozark Mountains, near the Illinois River and Lake Tenkiller. Settled by Cherokee Indians and made capital of the Cherokee Nation (1839-1907), the town site was laid out on Cherokee council grounds in 1843. The name, meaning ... Tahltan an Athabaskan-speaking North American Indian people living on the upper Stikine River and other nearby streams in what is now northwestern British Columbia, Can. This region, though grassy and rocky with only sparse woodlands, provided plentiful salmon and such game as caribou, moose, bears, and various other furbearing animals. Tahmasp I shah of Iran from 1524 whose rule was marked by continuing warfare with the Ottoman Empire and the loss of large amounts of territory. Tahoe, Lake freshwater lake occupying a fault basin on the California-Nevada border in the northern Sierra Nevada, U.S. Fed by numerous small streams, it is drained by the Truckee River to Pyramid Lake, Nevada, about 60 miles (100 km) northeast. It measures 22 miles (35 km) north-south and 12 miles (19 km) ... Tahoua town, southern Niger. Situated on the boundary between a cultivated zone (peanuts [groundnuts]) and a drier pastoral zone (cattle, goats, and sheep), it is an important trading town. During the Sahel drought of the 1970s and 1980s it served as a refugee centre. It is a significant junction on the ... tahr any of three wary and sure-footed wild goatlike mammals of the family Bovidae (order Artiodactyla), native to Asia. Tahrs live in herds and frequent steep, often wooded mountainsides. They range in shoulder height from 60 to 106 cm (24 to 42 inches), depending on the species. Both sexes have short, ... Tahtawi, Rifa'ah Rafi' al- teacher and scholar who was one of the first Egyptians to grapple with the question of adjusting to the West and to provide answers in Islamic terms. Tahuantinsuyu territories spread over parts of Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile, and Argentina that, by the 1500s, were all part of a single Inca state. See also pre-Columbian Meso-American religions. Tai peoples of mainland Southeast Asia, including the Thai, or Siamese (in central and southern Thailand), the Lao (in Laos and northern Thailand), the Shan (in northeast Myanmar [Burma]), the Lu (primarily in Yunnan province, China, but also in Myanmar, Laos, northern Thailand, and Vietnam), the Yunnan Tai (the major Tai ... tai chi chuan ancient and distinctive Chinese form of exercise or attack and defense that is popular throughout the world. As exercise, tai chi chuan is designed to provide relaxation in the process of body-conditioning exercise and is drawn from the principles of taiji, notably including the harmonizing of the yin and yang, ... Tai languages closely related family of languages, of which the Thai language of Thailand is the most important member. Because the word Thai has been designated as the official name of the language of Thailand, it would be confusing to use it for the various other languages of the family as well. ...