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shoin-zukuri ... Shot in the Dark, A

shoin-zukuri style of Japanese domestic architecture. The name is taken from a secondary feature called the shoin, a study alcove. The shoin, tokonoma (alcove for the display of art objects), and chigai-dana (shelves built into the wall) are all formative elements of this style, which appeared in the Kamakura period (1192-1333) ... shoji in Japanese architecture, sliding outer partition doors and windows made of a latticework wooden frame and covered with a tough, translucent white paper. When closed, they softly diffuse light throughout the house. shoka (Japanese: "living flowers"), in classical Japanese floral art, a three-branched asymmetrical style that is a simplification of the ancient stylized temple floral art of rikka. The serenely balanced shoka arrangements are triangular, based on three main lines: shin, the central "truth" branch; soe, supporting branches; and tai, branches placed near ... Shokado Shojo original name Nakanuma Shikibu Japanese calligrapher and painter, one of the "three brushes" of the Kan-ei era. Sholes, Christopher Latham U.S. inventor who developed the typewriter. Sholokhov, Mikhail Aleksandrovich Russian novelist, winner of the 1965 Nobel Prize for Literature for his novels and stories about the Cossacks of southern Russia. Shomolu town, Lagos state, southwestern Nigeria, just north of Lagos city. A residential suburb of Lagos, the town is plagued by problems of overcrowding, poor housing, and inadequate sanitation. Most of its inhabitants are Yoruba. The town's local activities include work in leather handicrafts and printing. Pop. (2006) local government area, ... Shomu 45th emperor of Japan, who devoted huge sums of money to the creation of magnificent Buddhist temples and artifacts throughout the realm; during his reign Buddhism virtually became the official state religion. shomyo classical chant of Buddhism in Japan. Both the Tendai and Shingon sects maintain the tradition and use its theoretical books and notation systems as the basis for other forms of Buddhist singing. Although derived from earlier Chinese sources, the major influences of shomyo nomenclature and performance practices are found in ... Shona group of culturally similar Bantu-speaking peoples living chiefly in the eastern half of Zimbabwe, north of the Lundi River. The main groupings are the Zezuru, Karanga, Manyika, Tonga-Korekore, and Ndau. shonkinite rare, dark-coloured, intrusive igneous rock that contains augite and orthoclase feldspar as its primary constituents. Other minerals include olivine, biotite, and nepheline, with little plagioclase feldspar and no quartz. At Shonkin-Sag, in the Highwood Mountains, Montana, shonkinite forms the greater part of a stratified laccolith (inserted between sedimentary beds). It ... shooting the sport of firing at targets of various kinds with rifles, handguns (pistols and revolvers), and shotguns as an exercise in marksmanship. shooting star in botany, any flowering plant of the genus Dodecatheon (family Primulaceae), with about 14 species, mostly native to western North America but with one species in Siberia. Several species are cultivated-often in rock gardens-for their attractive flowers. The low-growing shooting stars are perennial herbs with wavy-margined leaves growing in a ... shopping centre 20th-century adaptation of the historical marketplace, with accommodation made for automobiles. A shopping centre is a collection of independent retail stores, services, and a parking area conceived, constructed, and maintained by a management firm as a unit. Shopping centres may also contain restaurants, banks, theatres, professional offices, service stations, and ... shore bug any of the more than 200 species of small dark coloured insects with white or yellow markings that constitute the family Saldidae (order Heteroptera). Shore bugs prey upon other insects near fresh water or saltwater. When disturbed, shore bugs fly short distances and then hide in crevices or under vegetation. ... shore fly any member of a family of insects in the fly order, Diptera, that are small, dark coloured, and commonly found in great numbers around ponds, streams, and the seashore. Most larvae are aquatic, and some species can tolerate highly saline or alkaline waters-such as Ephydra riparia, a species that inhabits ... Shore Temple complex of elegant shrines (c. 700), one among a number of Hindu monuments at Mamallapuram, on the coast of Tamil Nadu state, India. It is considered the finest early example of medieval southern Indian temple architecture. Unlike most of its neighbours at the site, it is built of cut stones ... Shore, Jane mistress of the English king Edward IV (reigned 1461-70 and 1471-83). Beautiful, charming, and witty, she is thought to have exercised a beneficial influence over Edward. Shorea genus of plants in the family Dipterocarpaceae, comprising about 360 species of tall South Asian evergreen trees that are extremely valuable for their timber. Sal (Shorea robusta) is perhaps the second most important timber tree (after teak) in the Indian subcontinent. The timbers are of two main types, white and ... shorebird any member of the suborder Charadrii (order Charadriiformes) that is commonly found on sea beaches or inland mudflats; in Britain they are called waders, or wading birds. Shorebirds include the avocet, courser, lapwing, oystercatcher, phalarope, plover, pratincole, sandpiper, and snipe (qq.v.). Shoreham-by-Sea port in Adur district, administrative county of West Sussex, historic county of Sussex, England. It lies along the English Channel at the mouth of the River Adur, between the seaside resorts of Hove to the east and Worthing to the west. The river's mouth is used as a port for ... Shorey, Paul U.S. scholar and Humanist noted for his writings on classical Greek art and thought. shoring form of prop or support, usually temporary, that is used during the repair or original construction of buildings and in excavations. Temporary support may be required, for example, to relieve the load on a masonry wall while it is repaired or reinforced. The support may be supplied by shoring the ... Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber, The short story by Ernest Hemingway, first published in Cosmopolitan in 1936, collected in The Fifth Column and the First Forty-nine Stories (1938). Set on an African safari, the story contains some of the author's recurrent themes-"grace under pressure" and adherence to a manly code of behaviour. It is also known ... short metre a quatrain of which the first, second, and fourth lines are in iambic trimeter and the third is in iambic tetrameter. Short metre may also refer to a poulter's measure (alternating lines of 12 and 14 syllables) written as a quatrain. Short Parliament (April 13-May 5, 1640), parliament summoned by Charles I of England, the first to be summoned for 11 years, since 1629, and the prelude to the Long Parliament. Determined to impose the Anglican liturgy on the Scots, Charles sent an army northward in the first of the so-called Bishops' Wars. ... short story brief fictional prose narrative that is shorter than a novel and that usually deals with only a few characters. Short, Bobby American cabaret singer and piano player who in his personal and performance style came to represent a sophistication and elegance typical of an earlier era. Short, Clare British politician who served as secretary of state for international development (1997-2003). Although a member of the Labour Party, she was known for being fiercely independent. Short, James British optician and astronomer who produced the first truly parabolic-hence nearly distortionless-mirrors for reflecting telescopes. short-eared owl (Asio flammeus), stocky bird of prey of the family Strigidae (order Strigiformes), about 40 cm (about 1.3 feet) long with a prominent facial disk. Among the most widely distributed of owls, it is circumpolar from the Arctic to the North Temperate Zone, occurs in Hawaii and much of South America, ... short-horned grasshopper any of more than 10,000 species of insects (order Orthoptera) that are characterized by short, heavy antennae, a four-valved ovipositor for laying eggs, and three-segmented tarsi (distal segments of the leg). They are herbivorous and include some of the most destructive agricultural pests known. The plague, or migratory, species are ... short-tailed opossum any of more than 20 species of small, mouse- and shrew-sized, insectivorous and carnivorous, terrestrial opossums (family Didelphidae, subfamily Didelphinae, tribe Marmosini). Total length varies from about 11 cm (4.5 inches) in the smaller species to over 28 cm (11 inches) in the larger. The genus is known from eastern ... short-tailed shrew any of three species of North American insectivores that resemble voles in body form. All have minute, degenerate eyes and small ears concealed in the fur. Within the moderately long and pointed muzzle are reddish-tipped teeth. Blarina species are among the largest North American shrews, weighing up to 30 grams ... short-track speed skating sport that tests the speed, technical skating ability, and aggressiveness of its competitors. Unlike traditional long-track speed skating, contestants race against each other instead of the clock. shortening fats and oils of animal or vegetable origin used in most doughs and batters to impart crisp and crumbly texture to baked products and to increase the plasticity, or workability, of doughs. Important commercial shortenings include butter, lard, vegetable oils, processed shortenings, and margarine. For most baking purposes, desirable characteristics ... Shorter, Frank runner who became the first American in 64 years to win the Olympic marathon, earning the gold medal at the 1972 Games in Munich, West Germany, the city of his birth. Shorter, Wayne African-American musician and composer, a major jazz saxophonist, among the most influential hard-bop and modal musicians and a pioneer of jazz-rock fusion music. shorthand a system for rapid writing that uses symbols or abbreviations for letters, words, or phrases. Among the most popular modern systems are Pitman, Gregg, and Speedwriting. Shorthorn cattle breed raised for beef. The Shorthorn was developed during the last quarter of the 18th century through selective breeding of local cattle of the Teeswater district, Durham county, in the north of England. It is characterized by short horns, blocky conformation, and colour ranging from red, red with white ... Shorthouse, Joseph Henry English novelist whose John Inglesant constitutes one of the best examples of the philosophical romance in English literature. Set in England and Italy during the 17th century, the work is concerned with conflicts between church and state, the Church of England and the Roman Catholic church, ritualism and simplicity, and ... Shortland Islands volcanic island group, northwestern Solomon Islands, southwestern Pacific Ocean, just southeast of Bougainville Island, P.N.G. The group's two largest islands are Shortland (or Alu), which has an area of 10 by 8 miles (16 by 13 km) and rises to 607 feet (185 metres); and Fauro Island, which measures 10 ... shortwave radio transmission and reception of information by means of electromagnetic waves about 10 to 80 m (33 to 262 feet) in length having frequencies of approximately 29.7 to 3.5 megahertz. During the early 1920s attempts were made to transmit radio signals over long distances by bouncing them off the layers of ... Shoshone North American Indian group that occupied the territory from what is now southeastern California across central and eastern Nevada and northwestern Utah into southern Idaho and western Wyoming. The Shoshone of historic times were organized into four groups: Western, or unmounted, Shoshone, centred in Nevada; Northern, or horse, Shoshone of ... Shoshone Falls cataract on the Snake River, southern Idaho, U.S., near the city of Twin Falls. The falls have a 212-foot (65-metre) drop, about the same as that of Niagara Falls, New York; early settlers aptly called the falls "the Niagara of the West." Once spectacular, the cataract has lost much of ... Shoshone River river in Wyoming, U.S., formed by North and South forks in the Absaroka Range in Yellowstone National Park. It flows northeast past Cody and Lovell, joining the Bighorn River (Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area) at Kane, near the Montana border, after a course of 100 miles (160 km). Buffalo Bill ... Shoshone-Bannock any of the bands formerly of the Shoshone and Bannock peoples of North America who later chose to live as one people. Some of these bands shared the Fort Hall Reservation in Idaho after its creation in 1863. In 1937 certain of these bands chose to incorporate jointly under federal ... Shoso Repository a timber structure in Nara, Japan, that was built to receive the personal treasures bequeathed to the Todai Temple by the emperor Shomu, who died in 756. While subsequent deposits gradually added to the collection, the original gift embraced more than 600 items, which included Buddhist ritual objects, furniture, musical ... Shostakovich, Dmitry Russian composer, renowned particularly for his 15 symphonies, numerous chamber works, and concerti, many of them written under the pressures of government-imposed standards of Soviet art. Shostka city, northern Ukraine, lying along the Shostka River. It became the site of a gunpowder mill in 1739, but not until Soviet times did it become a considerable settlement, being incorporated in 1924. Its varied industries have included food processing and the manufacture of photographic materials, veneers, building materials, and ... Shot in the Dark, A British screwball comedy film, released in 1964, that was the second installment in the Pink Panther series.