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Life on the Mississippi ... Light, Francis
Life on the Mississippi
memoir of the steamboat era on the Mississippi River before the American Civil War by Mark Twain, published in 1883.
Life Sciences: Year in Review 1994
Life Sciences: Year in Review 1995
Life Sciences: Year in Review 1996
Life Sciences: Year in Review 1997
Life Sciences: Year in Review 1998
Life Sciences: Year in Review 1999
Life Sciences: Year in Review 2000
Life Sciences: Year in Review 2001
Life Sciences: Year in Review 2002
Life Sciences: Year in Review 2003
Life Sciences: Year in Review 2004
Life Sciences: Year in Review 2005
Life Sciences: Year in Review 2006
Life Sciences: Year in Review 2007
Life Sciences: Year in Review 2008
Life Sciences: Year in Review 2009
Life Sciences: Year in Review 2010
Life Sciences: Year in Review 2011
Life Sciences: Year in Review 2012
Life Sciences: Year in Review 2013
life span
the period of time between the birth and death of an organism.
Life Studies
a collection of poetry and prose by Robert Lowell, published in 1959. The book marked a major turning point in Lowell's writing and also helped to initiate the 1960s trend to confessional poetry; it won the National Book Award for poetry in 1960. The book is in four sections, including ...
Life with Father
American comedy film, released in 1947, that was based on Clarence Day, Jr.'s best-selling autobiography (1935) of the same name.
life-safety system
Any interior building element designed to protect and evacuate the building population in emergencies, including fires and earthquakes, and less critical events, such as power failures. Fire-detection systems include electronic heat and smoke detectors that can activate audible alarms and automatically notify local fire departments. For fire suppression, hand-operated fire ...
life-support system
any mechanical device that enables a person to live and usually work in an environment such as outer space or underwater in which he could not otherwise function or survive for any appreciable amount of time. Life-support systems provide all or some of the elements essential for maintaining physical well ...
life-world
in Phenomenology, the world as immediately or directly experienced in the subjectivity of everyday life, as sharply distinguished from the objective "worlds" of the sciences, which employ the methods of the mathematical sciences of nature; although these sciences originate in the life-world, they are not those of everyday life. The ...
lifeboat
watercraft especially built for rescue missions. There are two types, the relatively simple versions carried on board ships and the larger, more complex craft based on shore. Modern shore-based lifeboats are generally about 40-50 feet (12-15 metres) long and are designed to stay afloat under severe sea conditions. Sturdiness of ...
lifesaving
any activity related to the saving of life in cases of drowning, shipwreck, and other accidents on or in the water and to the prevention of drowning in general.
Liffey, River
river in Counties Wicklow, Kildare, and Dublin, Ireland, rising in the Wicklow Mountains about 20 miles (32 km) southwest of Dublin. Following a tortuous course laid out in preglacial times, it flows in a generally northwesterly direction from its source to the Lackan Reservoir, the site of a gorge cut ...
Lifou Island
largest and most populous of the Loyalty Islands in the French overseas country of New Caledonia, southwestern Pacific Ocean. It is the central island of the group. Lifou rises no higher than 200 feet (60 metres) above sea level. The coralline limestone creates a fertile soil but also precludes the ...
lift
Upward-acting force on an aircraft wing or airfoil. An aircraft in flight experiences an upward lift force, as well as the thrust of the engine, the force of its own weight, and a drag force. The lift force arises because the speed at which the displaced air moves over the ...
lift-slab construction
Technique whereby concrete floor slabs are poured on the ground, one on top of the other, and then lifted into place on top of columns by hydraulic jacks. Used for very tall multistory buildings, this method offers substantial savings in formwork.
Lifuka
uplifted crescent-shaped coral island in the Ha'apai Group of Tonga, southwestern Pacific Ocean. Lifuka was once the seat of the Tongan kings. Pangai, on its west coast, has the best harbour of the Ha'apai Group; it is also an administrative centre. Copra is exported. Area 4.4 square miles (11.4 square ...
ligament
tough fibrous band of connective tissue that serves to support the internal organs and hold bones together in proper articulation at the joints. A ligament is composed of dense fibrous bundles of collagenous fibres and spindle-shaped cells known as fibrocytes, with little ground substance (a gel-like component of the various ...
ligand
in chemistry, any atom or molecule attached to a central atom, usually a metallic element, in a coordination or complex compound. The atoms and molecules used as ligands are almost always those that are capable of functioning as the electron-pair donor in the electron-pair bond (a coordinate covalent bond) formed ...
ligand field theory
in chemistry, one of several theories that describe the electronic structure of coordination or complex compounds, notably transition metal complexes, which consist of a central metal atom surrounded by a group of electron-rich atoms or molecules called ligands. The ligand field theory deals with the origins and consequences of metal- ...
ligase
any one of a class of about 50 enzymes that catalyze reactions involving the conservation of chemical energy and provide a couple between energy-demanding synthetic processes and energy-yielding breakdown reactions. They catalyze the joining of two molecules, deriving the needed energy from the cleavage of an energy-rich phosphate bond (in ...
Ligdan
last of the paramount Mongol khans (ruled 1604-34).
liger
offspring of a lion and a tigress. The liger is a zoo-bred hybrid, as is the tigon, the result of mating a tiger with a lioness. It is probable that neither the liger nor the tigon occurs in the wild, as differences in the behaviour and habitat of the lion ...
Ligeti, Gyorgy
a leading composer of the branch of avant-garde music concerned principally with shifting masses of sound and tone colours.
Liggett Group Inc.
former U.S. conglomerate that once held major interests in tobacco products, spirits and wines, and pet foods.
Liggett, Hunter
American general, corps and army commander in World War I.
light
electromagnetic radiation that can be detected by the human eye. Electromagnetic radiation occurs over an extremely wide range of wavelengths, from gamma rays, with wavelengths less than about 11011 metre, to radio waves measured in metres. Within that broad spectrum the wavelengths visible to humans occupy a very narrow band, ...
light curve
in astronomy, graph of the changes in brightness with time of a star, particularly of the variable type. The light curves of different kinds of variable stars differ in the degree of change in magnitude (i.e., the amount of light flux observed), in the degree of regularity from one cycle ...
Light in August
novel by William Faulkner, published in 1932, the seventh in the series set in the fictional Yoknapatawpha county, Miss., U.S.
light pollution
unwanted or excessive artificial light. Like noise pollution, light pollution is a form of waste energy that can cause adverse effects and degrade environmental quality. Moreover, because light (transmitted as electromagnetic waves) is typically generated by electricity, which itself is usually generated by the combustion of fossil fuels, it can ...
light rail transit
system of railways usually powered by overhead electrical wires and used for medium-capacity local transportation in metropolitan areas. Light rail vehicles (LRVs) are a technological outgrowth of streetcars (trams). Light rail transit lines are more segregated from street traffic than are tramways (particularly in congested urban areas) but less so ...
Light That Failed, The
novel by Rudyard Kipling, published in 1890.
light verse
poetry on trivial or playful themes that is written primarily to amuse and entertain and that often involves the use of nonsense and wordplay. Frequently distinguished by considerable technical competence, wit, sophistication, and elegance, light poetry constitutes a considerable body of verse in all Western languages.
Light, Francis
British naval officer who was responsible for acquiring Penang (Pinang) Island in the Strait of Malacca as a British naval base.