| | - Lombard kingdom
- (from the article "Italy") The largest of these pieces was the Lombard kingdom of northern Italy and Tuscany. By the 620s its capital was at Pavia, which remained the capital of the north until the 11th century; other major centres were Verona, Milan, Turin (Torino), Lucca, and Cividale, the capital of the duchy of ...
- Lombard law
- (from the article "Italy") The evidence of Lombard law reinforces this pattern. Rothari's Edict and Liutprand's laws look much like the legislation of the Franks and of other Germanic peoples; they deal, for example, with the carefully calculated compensations for various crimes of violence that aimed to replace violent feuds or at least to ...
- Lombard League
- league of cities in northern Italy that, in the 12th and 13th centuries, resisted attempts by the Holy Roman emperors to reduce the liberties and jurisdiction of the communes of Lombardy. Originally formed for a period of 20 years on Dec. 1, 1167, the Lombard League initially consisted of 16 ... [9 Related Articles]
- Lombard, Carole
- American actress and comedienne who starred in some of the most successful comedies of the 1930s. [1 Related Articles]
- Lombardi, Vince
- coach in American professional gridiron football who became a national symbol of single-minded determination to win. In nine seasons (1959-67) as head coach of the previously moribund Green Bay Packers, he led the team to five championships of the National Football League (NFL) and, in the last two seasons, to ... [2 Related Articles]
- Lombardo, Guy
- Canadian-born American dance-band leader whose New Year's Eve radio and television broadcasts with his Royal Canadians became an American tradition for 48 years. Derided by some music critics as the "king of corn," Lombardo gained long-lasting popularity by conducting what was billed as "the sweetest music this side of heaven." ...
- Lombardo, Pietro
- leading sculptor and architect of Venice in the late 15th century, known for his significant contribution to the Renaissance in that city. He was the father of Tullio and Antonio, both respected sculptors of the time. [1 Related Articles]
- Lombardy
- regione of northern Italy. It is bordered on the north by Switzerland and by the Italian regioni of Emilia-Romagna (south), Trentino-Alto Adige and Veneto (east), and Piedmont (west). Administratively, Lombardy consists of the provincie of Bergamo, Brescia, Como, Cremona, Lecco, Lodi, Mantova, Milano, Pavia, Sondrio, and Varese. The capital is ... [16 Related Articles]
- Lombardy poplar
- (from the article "poplar") ...with woolly grayish undersides. The black poplar (P. nigra) has oval, fine-toothed leaves; it is long-trunked and grows to a height of 35 metres (115 feet). Its better-known variety, the Lombardy poplar (P. nigra variety italica), is easily identified by its tall, narrow columnar form. The Lombardy poplar is widely ...
- Lombardy-Venetia, kingdom of
- (from the article "Italy") On April 7, 1815, Francis I proclaimed the formation of the kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia. The new state was a fiction, however, because the two regions remained separate, each subject to the central ministries in Vienna. Milan lost its role as a capital, most of the Napoleonic administration was dismantled, and ...
- Lomblen Island
- largest of the Solor Islands, in the Lesser Sundas, Nusa Tenggara Timur provinsi ("province"), Indonesia. Lomblen lies between the Flores Sea (north) and the Savu Sea (south), about 25 miles (40 km) east of Flores and just east of Adonara Island.
- Lombok
- island, Nusa Tenggara Barat provinsi (province), Indonesia. It is one of the Lesser Sunda Islands, lying due east of Bali across the Lombok Strait and due west of Sumbawa across the Alas Strait. To the north is the Java Sea, to the south the Indian Ocean.
- Lomborg, Bjorn
- A long-running environmental controversy reached fever pitch in January 2003 when the Danish Committee on Scientific Dishonesty ruled that a book challenging a number of widely held opinions was "clearly contrary to the standards of good scientific practice." The book was The Skeptical Environmentalist by Bjorn Lomborg, an associate professor ... [1 Related Articles]
- Lombroso, Cesare
- Italian criminologist whose views, though now largely discredited, brought about a shift in criminology from a legalistic preoccupation with crime to a scientific study of criminals. [4 Related Articles]
- Lome
- city, capital of Togo. Lome lies on the Gulf of Guinea (Atlantic coast) in the extreme southwestern corner of the country. Selected as the colonial capital of German Togoland in 1897, it became important as an administrative, commercial, and transport centre. A modern town was laid out, and a 1,380-foot ... [7 Related Articles]
- Lome Convention
- (from the article "Africa") ...have continued to reflect the influence of traditional links with the countries of western Europe. These links have been further consolidated through a series of agreements, collectively called the Lome Conventions, that have guaranteed preferential access to the European Economic Community (EEC) for various export commodities from African states and ...
- Lomenie de Brienne, Etienne-Charles de
- French ecclesiastic and minister of finance on the eve of the French Revolution. His unusual intelligence and aristocratic connections secured his rapid advancement in the church: he became bishop of Condom in 1760 and archbishop of Toulouse in 1763. He was placed in control of finance in 1787 through the ... [1 Related Articles]
- Lomnitz, Larissa
- (from the article "urban culture") ...Wage labour in the industrial sector of these cities is considerably cheapened because many services and small commodities that wage labourers require are supplied through the informal economy. As Larissa Lomnitz indicates in Networks and Marginality: Life in a Mexican Shantytown (1977), recent rural migrants and shantytown dwellers act as ...
- Lomond, Loch
- largest of the Scottish lakes, lying across the southern edge of the Highlands. It forms part of the boundary between the council area of Stirling and the council area of Argyll and Bute. The council area of West Dunbartonshire forms its southern shore; the historic county of Dunbartonshire encompasses not ... [1 Related Articles]
- Lomonosov
- town, Leningrad oblast (province), northwestern Russia, on the Gulf of Finland. Founded in 1710 by Prince Menshikov, it was a summer retreat of the Russian royal family. The palace of Peter I the Great (1714) and the Chinese Palace, designed by the Italian architect Antonio Rinaldi (1762-68), suffered grave damage ...
- Lomonosov Ridge
- major submarine ridge of the Arctic Ocean. The ridge is 1,100 miles (1,800 km) long. From Ellesmere Island on the continental shelf of North America, the ridge extends north to a point near the North Pole and then continues south to a point near the continental shelf of the New ... [3 Related Articles]
- Lomonosov, Mikhail Vasilyevich
- Russian poet, scientist, and grammarian who is often considered the first great Russian linguistic reformer. He also made substantial contributions to the natural sciences, reorganized the St. Petersburg Imperial Academy of Sciences, established in Moscow the university that today bears his name, and created the first coloured glass mosaics in ... [6 Related Articles]
- Lompoc
- city, Santa Barbara county, southwestern California, U.S. It lies along the Santa Ynez River in the coastal Lompoc valley, 155 miles (250 km) northwest of Los Angeles. Originally inhabited by Chumash Indians, the area was part of a Spanish land grant established in 1787. The city was founded (1874) as ... [1 Related Articles]
- Lomu, Jonah Tali
- New Zealand rugby union football player who was perhaps rugby's first global icon and a remarkable player. [1 Related Articles]
- Lomwe
- (from the article "Malawi") Nine major ethnic groups are historically associated with modern Malawi-the Chewa, Nyanja, Lomwe, Yao, Tumbuka, Sena, Tonga, Ngoni, and Ngonde (Nkonde). All the African languages spoken belong to the Bantu language family. Chichewa is the national language and English the official language, although English was understood by less than one-fifth ...
- Lomza
- city, Podlaskie wojewodztwo (province), northeastern Poland.
- Lon Nol
- soldier and politician whose overthrow of Prince Norodom Sihanouk (1970) involved Cambodia in the Indochina war and ended in the takeover (1975) of the country by the communist Khmer Rouge. [4 Related Articles]
- Lonardi, Eduardo
- (from the article "Argentina") ...of the church and the students. His efforts to eliminate the political influence of the church provoked disaffection in the officer corps, and in September 1955 he was overthrown by General Eduardo Lonardi and fled the country.CordobaCordoba...the city was also ...
- London
- city, seat of Middlesex county, southeastern Ontario, Canada. It lies at the forks of the Thames River, midway between Lakes Ontario (east) and St. Clair (west) and Lakes Huron (north) and Erie (south).
- London
- city, capital of the United Kingdom. It is among the oldest of the world's great cities-its history spanning nearly two millennia-and one of the most cosmopolitan. By far Britain's largest metropolis, it is also the country's economic, transportation, and cultural centre. [82 Related Articles]
- London Adventurers
- (from the article "Mayflower") Chartered by a group of English merchants called the London Adventurers, the Mayflower was prevented by rough seas and storms from reaching the territory that had been granted in Virginia (a region then conceived of as much larger than the present-day U.S. state of Virginia, at the ...
- London Agreement
- (from the article "Nurnberg trials") The authority of the International Military Tribunal to conduct these trials stemmed from the London Agreement of August 8, 1945. On that date, representatives from the United States, Great Britain, the Soviet Union, and the provisional government of France signed an agreement that included a charter for an international military ...
- London and South America, Bank of
- (from the article "Lloyds TSB Group PLC") In 1973 Lloyds Bank acquired practically all of the stock of Lloyds and BOLSA International Bank, Ltd. BOLSA (Bank of London and South America) had been formed in 1923 with the merger of two Latin American banks. BOLSA had acquired the business of the Anglo-South American Bank in 1936, giving ...
- London Aquarium
- (from the article "County Hall") The London Aquarium opened in the central section in 1997. It contains about 30,000 marine animals and plants representing some 350 species. Its tanks are stocked according to different marine zones, with specimens from the Indian Ocean, European rivers and lakes, the Great Barrier Reef, mangrove swamps, rainforests, and other ...
- London Basin
- (from the article "Tertiary Period") ...a number of Tertiary marine basins that essentially rim the North Sea basin, itself the site of active subsidence during the Paleogene and infilling during the Neogene. The marine Hampshire and London basins, the Paris Basin, the Anglo-Belgian Basin, and the North German Basin have become the standard for comparative ...
- London Bridge
- any of several successive structures spanning the River Thames between Borough High Street in Southwark and King William Street in the City of London. [2 Related Articles]
- London Bridge
- children's singing game in which there are several players (usually eight or more), two of whom join hands high to form an arch (the bridge). The other players march under the bridge, each holding onto the waist of the player in front. Either the players forming the bridge or all ...
- London Bridge Station
- railway station in the Bermondsey district of Southwark, London. It lies southeast of London Bridge and northeast of Guy's Hospital, and it is adjacent to the tourist attraction called the London Dungeon.
- London Bridge Tower
- (from the article "Architecture and Civil Engineering") Several other towers were planned for sites in Britain, including the London Bridge Tower proposed by Italian architect Renzo Piano. A high-rise in the shape of a tapering prism that Piano called "the shard," it would be mostly office space, with a hotel at the top, and at 310 m ...
- London City Council
- (from the article "London") ...Works. Following charges of corruption and lack of accountability, the organization was transformed in 1889 into the administrative nucleus of an elected local government for London as a whole, the London County Council (LCC). However, the City Corporation successfully lobbied to preserve its autonomy and secured the creation of a ...
- London City Mission
- (from the article "city mission") In Great Britain the Glasgow City Mission (1826) and the London City Mission (1835) both sought to evangelize and rehabilitate the urban poor. Beginning with home visitation and tract distribution by volunteer lay missionaries, the city mission movement expanded into Sunday school, day school, and temperance activities with paid missionaries; ...
- London Clay
- major division of Eocene rocks in the London Basin of England (the Eocene Epoch lasted from 57.8 to 36.6 million years ago); it immediately underlies much of the city of London. The London Clay overlies the Reading Beds, underlies the Bagshot Sands, and is included in the Ypresian Stage, the ... [1 Related Articles]
- London Clinic
- (from the article "clinic") ...several of the different medical specialties represented on their staffs. A number of private clinics, however, limit their work to one medical specialty. An enterprise of special interest is the London Clinic, established in 1936 by a group of prominent consultant surgeons and physicians who wished to make available to ...
- London Convention
- (from the article "Rhodes, Cecil") ...two territories (which, along with Stellaland and Goshen, would have sealed off the Cape Colony from the north), he persuaded the high commissioner that the British government must intervene. By the London Convention of 1884, the two republics were excluded from the Transvaal, and the Cape government agreed to help ...
- London Customs Convention
- (from the article "Benelux Economic Union") Belgium and Luxembourg had bilaterally formed an economic union in 1921; plans for a customs union of the three countries were made in the London Customs Convention in September 1944 and became operative in 1948. By 1956 nearly all of the internal trade of the union was tariff-free. On Feb. ...
- London Debating Society
- (from the article "Mill, John Stuart") The Autobiography tells how in 1826 Mill's enthusiasm was checked by a misgiving as to the value of the ends that he had set before him. At the London Debating Society, where he first measured his strength in public conflict, he found himself looked upon with curiosity as a precocious ...
- London Dispensary
- (from the article "clinic") The first clinic in the English-speaking world, the London Dispensary, was founded in 1696 as a central means of dispensing medicines to the sick poor whom the physicians were treating in the patients' homes. The New York City, Philadelphia, and Boston dispensaries, founded in 1771, 1786, and 1796, respectively, had ...
- London Dock Strike
- (1889), influential strike by workers in the Port of London that won them the famous "dockers' tanner" (a pay rate of sixpence per hour) and revitalized the British Trades Union movement.
- London Docklands
- area along the River Thames in London. It covers nearly 9 square miles (22 square km) of riverfront centred on the boroughs of Tower Hamlets, Newham, Southwark, Lewisham, and Greenwich. The Docklands area was for centuries the principal hub of British seaborne trade. In the latter part of the 20th ...
- London Docklands Development Corporation
- (from the article "London") ...their small size, difficult labour relations, poor management, and powerful competition from major ports in continental Europe, especially Europoort in Rotterdam, Netherlands. During the 1980s the London Docklands Development Corporation encouraged major changes in Docklands, including the construction of new housing and a large number of new offices (notably at ...
- London English
- (from the article "English language") ...as beginning in about 1500 and terminating with the return of the monarchy (John Dryden's Astraea Redux) in 1660. The 15th century witnessed three outstanding developments: the rise of London English, the invention of printing, and the spread of the new learning.
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