| | - Kowalski, Tadeusz
- (from the article "Islamic arts") ...language and of the role of imagery in the structure of Nezami's thought. Ritter's criticism is basic to the study of many other Persian poets. Slightly later, the Polish scholar Tadeusz Kowalski tried to interpret the "molecular" structure of Arabic literature-the absence of large units of thought or architectural structure-typical ...
- Kowkcheh
- (from the article "Afghanistan") ...of the country. It forms the frontier between Afghanistan and the republics of Tajikistan and Uzbekistan for about 600 miles (1,000 km) of its upper course. Two of its major Afghan tributaries, the Kowkcheh and the Qonduz, rise in the mountains of Badakhshan and Kondoz provinces. The Amu Darya becomes ...
- Kowloon Peak
- (from the article "Hong Kong") ...series of ridges extends southwestward to Lantau Island, where the terrain rises to 3,064 feet on Lantau Peak and 2,851 feet on Sunset Peak. Extending southeastward from Mount Tai Mo, the Kowloon Peak attains an elevation of 1,975 feet, but there is an abrupt drop to about 650 feet at ...
- Kowloon Peninsula
- part of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, southeastern China. It constitutes the Chinese mainland portion of the Hong Kong region and is located north of Hong Kong Island and east of the mouth of the Pearl (Zhu) River Delta. Geographically, it consists of two portions: the hillier, more rural, ... [1 Related Articles]
- Kowloon-Canton Railway
- (from the article "Hong Kong") ...Speedy ferry service between Hong Kong and Macau and parts of Guangdong is provided by various craft, including hydrofoils and hovercraft. Railroad transportation to Guangdong is provided by the Kowloon-Guangzhou (Canton) Railway. Electrification of the railway and the growth, along its line, of the new towns of Sha Tin, Tai ...
- kowtow
- in traditional China, the act of supplication made by an inferior to his superior by kneeling and knocking his head to the floor. This prostration ceremony was most commonly used in religious worship, by commoners who came to make a request of the local district magistrate, and by officials and ... [1 Related Articles]
- Koybal
- (from the article "Khakass") ...changed from hunting and fishing to farming and stockbreeding. The Beltir (meaning "river-mouth people"), famed as trappers and as smiths, have also become farmers and stockbreeders. The Koybal, not a tribe in the ethnographic sense but a territorial group, have retained their Kacha language but assumed the Russian peasant way ...
- Koyemshi
- (from the article "sacred clown") ...clowns, fools, and jesters, it is the elaborate ritual roles of masked clown societies among such groups as the American Indians that have attracted most attention. The most famous of these are the Koyemshi, the dancing clowns of the Pueblo Indians. Their obscene and sacrilegious actions punctuate the most important ...
- Koyna Dam and Reservoir
- (from the article "earthquake") The specific seismic source mechanisms associated with reservoir induction have been established in a few cases. For the main shock at the Koyna Dam and Reservoir in India (1967), the evidence favours strike-slip faulting motion. At both the Kremasta Dam in Greece (1965) and the Kariba Dam in Zimbabwe-Zambia (1961), ...
- Koyukon
- (from the article "Native American religions") ...and attributing to this divinity not only the planning and organizing of creation but qualities of goodness, wisdom, and perfection that are reminiscent of the Christian deity. By contrast, the Koyukon universe is notably decentralized. Raven, whom Koyukon narratives credit with the creation of human beings, is only one among ...
- Koyukuk River
- river in central Alaska, U.S. A major tributary of the Yukon River, it rises from several headstreams on the southern slopes of the Endicott Mountains in the central Brooks Range and flows southwestward through Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve and Koyukuk National Wildlife Refuge for about 550 ...
- Kozani
- town, capital of the nomos (department) of Kozani, western Greek Macedonia. The town is situated on the edge of a fertile basin between the Vermion and Vourinos mountains and has tobacco, cereal, potato, and vegetable cultivation, as well as cattle and dairy production. Founded in the European Middle Ages under ...
- Kozeluch, Leopold
- Czech composer of ballets, operas, and symphonies.
- Kozena, Magdalena
- (from the article "Performing Arts") ...Sutherland were among the recipients of the year's Kennedy Center Honors presented by Pres. George W. Bush and first lady Laura Bush at the White House in December. In October Czech mezzo-soprano Magdalena Kozena was named artist of the year at the 27th annual Gramophone Awards in London. The young ...
- Kozhikode
- city, northern Kerala state, southwestern India. It is situated on the Malabar Coast, 414 miles (666 km) west-southwest of Madras by rail. A once-famous cotton-weaving centre, it is remembered as the place of origin of calico, to which it gave its name (i.e., Calicut). The place was an early focus ... [2 Related Articles]
- Kozintsev, Grigory
- (from the article "Viewing Shakespeare on Film") During the same period, the Russian director Grigory Kozintsev directed a production of Hamlet titled Gamlet (1964) and one of King Lear titled Karol Lear (1970), which employed grim charcoal textures. Another bleak King Lear ...
- Kozloduy
- (from the article "Bulgaria") ...for large thermoelectric plants at Dimitrovgrad and Maritsa-Iztok; there are also thermal power stations at Pernik, Sofia, Plovdiv, and Burgas. Bulgaria's first and only nuclear power station, at Kozloduy, was constructed with Soviet aid and began operation in 1974; two reactors were closed there in 2002.
- Kozlovskij, Mikhail
- (from the article "Western sculpture") ...Russian Neoclassicists were sculptors. Ivan Petrovich Martos studied under Mengs, Thorvaldsen, and Batoni in Rome and became a director of the St. Petersburg Academy. His best works are tombs. Mikhail Kozlovskij contributed to the decoration of the throne room at Pavlovsk.statue of Samson
- Kozyrev, Nikolay Aleksandrovich
- Russian astronomer, who claimed to have discovered volcano-like activity on the Moon. His sightings of apparent gaseous emissions from the lunar surface challenged the long-held theory that the Moon is a dead and inert celestial body.
- kpelie
- (from the article "art, African") ...sometimes on rhythm pounders used by young initiates, who beat the earth to call upon the ancestors to take part in the ceremony and purify the earth. Several types of mask are used. The kpelie, a human face with projections all around, is said to remind initiates of human imperfection. ...
- Kpelle
- people occupying much of central Liberia and extending into Guinea, where they are sometimes called the Guerze; they speak a language of the Mande branch of the Niger-Congo family. [3 Related Articles]
- Kpeme
- (from the article "Togo") Lome is Togo's principal port. Its artificial harbour was inaugurated in 1968. A second port at Kpeme, about 22 miles northeast of Lome, is used exclusively to handle phosphate shipments.
- Kra, Isthmus of
- narrow neck of southern Myanmar (Burma) and Thailand, connecting the Malay Peninsula to the Asian mainland. The isthmus lies between the Gulf of Thailand to the east and the Andaman Sea to the west. It is 25-30 miles (40-48 km) wide at its narrowest point, between Chumphon and Kra Buri ... [1 Related Articles]
- kraal
- enclosure or group of houses surrounding an enclosure for livestock, or the social unit that inhabits these structures. The term has been more broadly used to describe the way of life associated with the kraal that is found among some African, especially South African, peoples. Among certain peoples of KwaZulu/Natal, ... [4 Related Articles]
- Krabbe, Hugo
- (from the article "sovereignty") Another assault from within on the doctrine of state sovereignty was made in the 20th century by those political scientists (e.g., Leon Duguit, Hugo Krabbe, and Harold J. Laski) who developed the theory of pluralistic sovereignty (pluralism) exercised by various political, economic, social, and religious groups that dominate the government ...
- Krabi
- port town, southwestern Thailand. Krabi is situated on the Strait of Malacca on the Andaman Sea and is a departure point for fishing and for travel to nearby islands.
- Kracheh
- town, northeastern Cambodia. Kracheh is located on the eastern bank of the Mekong River, at the head of Mekong navigation. It has a port and is linked to Phnom Penh, the national capital, and to neighbouring areas by a national highway. There are slate quarries near the town, and the ... [1 Related Articles]
- Kraemer, Heinrich
- (from the article "Malleus maleficarum") ...some two centuries of witch-hunting hysteria in Europe. The Malleus was the work of two Dominicans: Johann Sprenger, dean of the University of Cologne in Germany, and Heinrich (Institoris) Kraemer, professor of theology at the University of Salzburg, Austria, and inquisitor in the Tirol region of Austria. In 1484 Pope ...
- Kraemer, Hendrik
- (from the article "religion, study of") ...by another Swiss theologian, Emil Brunner (1889-1966), who allowed a modicum of insight for fallen man into God's nature. The concession was, however, a slight one. The Dutch theologian Hendrik Kraemer (1888-1965) applied the doctrine of the theology of the Word to non-Christian religions in The Christian Message in a ...
- Kraenzlein, Alvin
- American athlete, the first competitor to win four gold medals at a single Olympics. He is credited with having originated the modern technique of hurdling, and his world record in the 220-yard hurdles was unbroken for more than a quarter-century. [1 Related Articles]
- Kraepelin, Emil
- German psychiatrist, one of the most influential of his time, who developed a classification system for mental illness that influenced subsequent classifications. Kraepelin made distinctions between schizophrenia and manic-depressive psychosis that remain valid today. [4 Related Articles]
- Krafft-Ebing, Richard, Freiherr von
- German neuropsychiatrist who was a pioneering student of sexual psychopathology. [2 Related Articles]
- Kraft Foods Inc.
- one of the world's largest food and beverage companies with sales in more than 145 countries. Its headquarters are in Northfield, Illinois.
- kraft process
- (from German kraft, "strong"), chemical method for the production of wood pulp that employs a solution of caustic soda and sodium sulfide as the liquor in which the pulpwood is cooked in order to loosen the fibres. The kraft process differs from the sulfite process in that (1) the cooking ... [3 Related Articles]
- Kraft wrapping
- (from the article "papermaking") Kraft wrapping, a heavy stock used for paper bags, is used in greater volume than all other wrapping papers combined. It is composed of wood pulp in unbleached condition made from softwoods, usually pine. It is distinguished by outstanding tensile and tearing strength. Kraft wrapping is sized to retard wetting ...
- Kraft, Adam
- sculptor of the Nurnberg school who introduced restraint into German late Gothic sculpture. [1 Related Articles]
- Kraftwerk
- German experimental group widely regarded as the godfathers of electronic pop music. The original members were Ralf Hutter (b. 1946, Krefeld, Ger., ) and Florian Schneider (b. 1947, Dusseldorf, ). [1 Related Articles]
- Krag, Jens Otto
- one of Denmark's foremost socialist politicians, who twice served as prime minister (1962-68, 1971-72).
- Kragujevac
- city in Serbia. It lies on the Lepenica River, a tributary of the Morava. It is the chief city of the Sumadija region, in which at the beginning of the 19th century Karadjordje led the first Serbian uprising against the Turks. It was the capital of Serbia from 1818 to ... [1 Related Articles]
- Kraichgau
- (from the article "Baden-Wurttemberg") Located between the Rhine and Neckar rivers, the fertile Kraichgau district is the site of wheat, corn (maize), tobacco, and fruit farming. The Schwetzinger asparagus of this area is quite famous.
- Krainik, Ardis Joan
- American arts executive (b. March 8, 1929, Manitowoc, Wis.--d. Jan. 18, 1997, Chicago, Ill.), was the general director of the Lyric Opera of Chicago for 15 years. Only the second person to hold that position, she guided the company out of financial difficulty and into worldwide renown. Krainik was educated ...
- krait
- any of 12 species of highly venomous snakes belonging to the cobra family (Elapidae). Kraits live in Asian forests and farmland from Pakistan to southern China and southward into Indonesia. They are terrestrial, feeding mainly on other snakes but also on frogs, lizards, and small mammals. Kraits are nocturnal hunters ...
- Kraitchik, Maurice
- (from the article "number game") Outstanding work was that of Maurice Kraitchik, editor of the periodical Sphinx and author of several well-known works published between 1900 and 1942.
- Krajina
- (from the article "Serbia") ...and southern Bosnia across the Danube and Sava. There they were settled and became the basis of the Austrian Militargrenze, or Military Frontier. (The Slavic name for the region, Vojna Krajina, was used 300 years later in the title given to the areas of Croatia that local Serb majorities attempted ...
- Krak de Montreal
- (from the article "Baldwin I") ...cities of Arsuf (Tel Arshaf, Israel) and Caesarea (Horbat Qesari, Israel) in 1101; by 1112 he had captured all the coastal cities except Ascalon and Tyre. In 1115 he built the castle of Krak de Montreal to protect the kingdom in the south.Crusades
- Krak des Chevaliers
- greatest fortress built by European crusaders in Syria and Palestine, one of the most notable surviving examples of medieval military architecture. Built at Qal'at al-Hisn, Syria, near the northern border of present-day Lebanon, Krak occupied the site of an earlier Muslim stronghold. It was built by the Knights of St. ... [1 Related Articles]
- Krak du Desert, Le
- (from the article "Karak, Al-") Al-Karak is absent from the chronicles of the Arab conquest of Palestine, and at the time of the First Crusade (launched in 1095) it was almost abandoned. Le Krak du Desert, a heavily fortified Crusader citadel, was built on the site of the ancient fortress in 1132; it fell to ...
- Krakatoa
- volcano on Rakata Island in the Sunda Strait between Java and Sumatra, Indonesia. Its explosive eruption in 1883 was one of the most catastrophic in history. [8 Related Articles]
- kraken
- a fabulous Scandinavian sea monster perhaps imagined on the basis of chance sightings of giant squids. It appears in literature in a poem of Alfred, Lord Tennyson's juvenilia called "The Kraken." Below the thunders of the upper deep,Far, far beneath in the abysmal sea,His ancient, dreamless, uninvaded sleepThe Kraken sleepeth: ...
- Krakow
- city and capital of Malopolskie wojewodztwo (province), southern Poland, lying on both sides of the upper Vistula River. One of the largest cities in Poland, it is known primarily for its grand historic architecture and cultural leadership; UNESCO designated its old town area a World Heritage site ... [5 Related Articles]
- Kral', Janko
- (from the article "Slovak literature") ...The "new" language was used by a group of talented poets. Among them was Andrej Sladkovic (Andrej Braxatoris), who wrote the national epic Marina (1846), and Janko Kral', a poet and revolutionary whose ballads, epics, and lyrics were among the most original products of Slavonic Romanticism.
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