| | - kirpan
- (from the article "Sikhism") ...kangha (comb), kacch (short trousers), kara (steel bracelet), and kirpan (double-edged dagger)-did not become an obligation of all Sikhs until the establishment of the Singh Sabha, a religious and educational reform movement of the late 19th and...
- kirsch
- dry, colourless brandy distilled from the fermented juice of the black morello cherry. Kirsch is made in the Black Forest of Germany, across the Rhine River in Alsace (France), and in the German-speaking cantons of Switzerland. Its production methods remain traditional. The fully ripened cherries are mashed in a large ... [1 Related Articles]
- Kirsch, G.
- (from the article "solids, mechanics of") In 1898 G. Kirsch derived the solution for the stress distribution around a circular hole in a much larger plate under remotely uniform tensile stress. The same solution can be adapted to the tunnellike cylindrical cavity of a circular section in a bulk solid. Kirsch's solution showed a significant concentration ...
- kirschsteinite
- (from the article "monticellite") Minerals in which manganese and iron replace magnesium in the crystal structure are called glaucochroite and kirschsteinite, respectively; these minerals have physical properties similar to monticellite and vary only slightly from their ideal compositions. Glaucochroite has been reported in ore deposits at Franklin, N.J., in the United States; kirschsteinite occurs ...
- Kirsehir
- city, central Turkey. It lies along a tributary of the Kizil River at an elevation of 3,248 feet (990 metres). It may have been Justinianopolis (Mocissus), which, under the 6th-century Byzantine emperor Justinian, was a major town in the ancient district of Cappadocia. From the 14th to 18th century, Kirsehir ...
- Kirsehir rug
- handwoven floor covering, usually in a prayer design and made in Kirsehir (Kirshehr), a town between Ankara and Kayseri in central Turkey. The typical Kirsehir prayer rug of the 19th century has an elaborately stepped arch above a prayer-niche design that might be fringed with tiny carnations in profile and ...
- Kirshner, Don
- (from the article "Don Kirshner") Don Kirshner managed singers Bobby Darin and Connie Francis before forming Aldon Music in 1958 with veteran publisher Al Nevins. Setting up office in the heart of Tin Pan Alley on Broadway across from the Brill Building, they cultivated prolific songwriting partnerships including those of Neil Sedaka and Howard Greenfield ...
- Kirst, Hans Hellmut
- West German novelist who wrote more than 40 popular novels, mainly political thrillers and military satires.
- Kirstein, Lincoln
- American dance authority, impresario, writer, and businessman who collaborated with George Balanchine to found and direct the various ballet companies that eventually became the world-renowned New York City Ballet (directed by Kirstein from 1948 to 1989). Kirstein also helped establish the School of American Ballet, which he directed from 1940 ... [5 Related Articles]
- Kirsten, Dorothy
- American opera singer, a lyric soprano who, in her 30-year career with the Metropolitan Opera in New York City, specialized in title role interpretations of Giacomo Puccini's operas Manon Lescaut, Tosca, La Boheme, and Madama Butterfly.
- Kirstenbosch
- (from the article "National Botanic Gardens of South Africa") one of the world's largest botanical gardens, occupying a 1,305-acre (528-hectare) site in Kirstenbosch, near Cape Town, Western Cape province, South Africa. The 6,200-species collection consists almost exclusively of Cape plants native to the fynbos (scrubland) and forests of southern Africa. The botanical garden was established in ...
- Kirszenstein-Szewinska, Irena
- Polish sprinter who dominated women's athletics for nearly two decades. Between 1964 and 1976, Kirszenstein-Szewinska earned seven Olympic medals, tying the record of Australian Shirley Strickland de la Hunty for most medals won by a woman in Olympic athletics competition. An exceptional performer in hurdles and the long jump, she ... [1 Related Articles]
- kirtana
- form of musical worship or group devotion practiced by the Vaisnava sects (followers of the god Vishnu) of Bengal. Kirtana usually consists of a verse sung by a soloist and then repeated by a chorus, to the accompaniment of percussion instruments. Sometimes the singing gives way to the recitation of ... [4 Related Articles]
- Kirthar Range
- hill region in southern Pakistan. It extends southward for about 190 miles (300 km) from the Mula River in east-central Balochistan to Cape Muari (Monze) west of Karachi on the Arabian Sea. The range forms the boundary between the Lower Indus Plain (east) and southern Balochistan (west). It consists of ... [2 Related Articles]
- Kirtland's warbler
- (from the article "conservation") An example of a species for which the control of fire regimes has proven both possible and essential is Kirtland's warbler (Dendroica kirtlandii; see woodwarbler). This endangered species nests only in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, an exceptional case of a bird species with a tiny geographic ...
- Kiruna
- city in the lan (county) of Norrbotten, northern Sweden. It is situated north of the Arctic Circle on the eastern shore of Lake Luossa and between the rich iron-ore Kiruna and Luossa mountains. Kiruna was founded in 1899 with the extension of the railroad from Gallivare, and in 1908 it ... [2 Related Articles]
- Kirwan, Richard
- Irish chemist known for his contributions in several areas of science.
- Kiryat Ben-Gurion
- (from the article "Jerusalem") ...area go to Jerusalem to present their credentials to the president and transact business at the Foreign Ministry. The prime minister's office and many other ministries are concentrated in Kiryat Ben-Gurion, the government complex, which is flanked by the Knesset Building on one side and the Bank of Israel on ...
- Kiryu
- city, Gumma ken (prefecture), central Honshu, Japan. It lies on the edge of the Kanto Plain, northwest of Tokyo. In the 17th century fine Kiryu silks were worn by samurai and court nobles. In the 20th century the city became a major production centre for brocades, satins, and other fine ...
- Kirzner, Israel
- (from the article "economics") ...to the weakest element in mainstream economics: the assumption that economic agents are always perfectly informed of alternative opportunities. A follower of Mises and Hayek, American economist Israel Kirzner developed this line of thinking into a unique Austrian theory of entrepreneurship (involving spontaneous learning and decision making at the individual ...
- Kisabengo
- (from the article "Luguru") In the mid-19th century an important east-west caravan route was established around the northern edge of the Uluguru Mountains. The Luguru were periodically raided for slaves by a man named Kisabengo, who founded a fortified village where caravans stopped for supplies and obtained porters; first called Simbamwene, this became the ...
- kisaeng
- (from the article "mudang") ...formed a separate religious group of low social standing and seldom married into families on a higher social level. Daughters of such shamans became either mudang after proper training or kisaeng, waitresses at Korean drinking houses. Sons of hereditary shamans usually became singers of p'ansori, the one-man opera of Korea, ...
- Kisakurek, Necip Fazil
- (from the article "Turkish literature") ...while pursuing a career in the military, which he left in 1950. He became one of Turkey's most influential poets during the post-World War II era. Choosing a simplified and modernist literary form, Necip Fazil Kisakurek, who taught literature in Turkey at the University of Ankara, turned his critique of ...
- Kisangani
- city, northeastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. The city lies along the Congo River, just below Boyoma (formerly Stanley) Falls. It is the nation's major inland port after Kinshasa. Above Kisangani, the Boyoma Falls, consisting of seven cataracts, impede river navigation for about 56 miles (90 km); a short railroad ... [1 Related Articles]
- Kisarazu
- city, Chiba ken (prefecture), Honshu, Japan. It lies on the west coast of the Boso Peninsula, about 20 miles (32 km) southeast of Tokyo and on the east coast of Tokyo Bay. Located in the delta of the Obitsu River, it prospered as an early regional commercial and post town. ...
- Kiselyov, Pavel Dmitriyevich
- Russian general, statesman, and progressive administrator during the reign of Tsar Nicholas I (1825-55). [3 Related Articles]
- Kiselyovsk
- city, Kemerovo oblast (province), central Russia. It developed in the 1930s as an industrial and coal-mining centre. Much of the coal is used for coking. Kiselyovsk's engineering industries produce drilling equipment and trucks and mechanical horses for underground coal trains. Pop. (1991 est.) 126,900.
- Kisfaludy, Karoly
- Romantic dramatist, the first Hungarian playwright to achieve considerable popular success. [1 Related Articles]
- Kisfaludy, Sandor
- (from the article "Hungarian literature") The place of Sandor Kisfaludy in Hungarian literature is secured by his first work, Kesergo szerelem (1801; "Bitter Love"), a lyric cycle depending on a very thin narrative thread. Writing in an elaborate verse form of 12 lines, called the Himfy verse, which he devised himself, Kisfaludy displayed great ingenuity ...
- Kish
- ancient Mesopotamian city-state located east of Babylon in what is now south-central Iraq. According to ancient Sumerian sources it was the seat of the first postdiluvian dynasty; most scholars believe that the dynasty was at least partly historical. A king of Kish, Mesilim, is known to have been the author ... [7 Related Articles]
- Kishan Singh
- (from the article "Kishangarh") ...state, northwestern India. It is situated about 50 miles (80 km) southwest of Jaipur on the banks of Lake Gundalao. The city, with its fort and palace, was founded in 1611 by Kishan Singh, a Rajput (one of the warrior rulers of the historic region of Rajputana), and it was ...
- Kishangarh
- city, central Rajasthan state, northwestern India. It is situated about 50 miles (80 km) southwest of Jaipur on the banks of Lake Gundalao. The city, with its fort and palace, was founded in 1611 by Kishan Singh, a Rajput (one of the warrior rulers of the historic region of Rajputana), ...
- Kishangarh painting
- 18th-century school of the Rajasthani style of Indian painting that arose in the princely state of Kishangarh (central Rajasthan state). The school is clearly distinguished by its individualistic facial type and its religious intensity. The sensitive, refined features of the men and women are drawn with pointed noses and chins, ... [1 Related Articles]
- Kishar
- (from the article "Anshar and Kishar") in Mesopotamian mythology, the male and female principles, the twin horizons of sky and earth. Their parents were either Apsu (the watery deep beneath the earth) and Tiamat (the personification of salt water) or Lahmu and Lahamu, the first set of twins born to Apsu and Tiamat. Anshar and Kishar, ...
- Kishi Nobusuke
- statesman whose term as prime minister of Japan (1957-60) was marked by a turbulent opposition campaign against a new U.S.-Japan security treaty agreed to by his government. [5 Related Articles]
- Kishida Kunio
- (from the article "Japanese literature") The first truly modern playwright was probably Kishida Kunio, whose plays, with their contemporary settings, do not depend for their effects on elaborate scenery, music, or histrionics. Kishida was handicapped by the scarcity of actors capable of performing roles that gave them little opportunity for a grandiose display of emotions. ...
- Kishida Ryusei
- (from the article "arts, East Asian") ...it was instrumental in introducing Japanese artists to European Impressionism and Postimpressionism. Its publication period (1910-23) essentially spanned the Taisho era. The paintings of Kishida Ryusei (1891-1929) exemplify the extensive assimilation of sympathetic European moods into a Japanese mode. Kishida was a devoted follower of the Dutch painter Vincent van ...
- Kishiwada
- city, Osaka fu (urban prefecture), Honshu, Japan, facing Osaka Bay. The city developed around the castle founded by the Wada family in the 14th century. It passed into the possession of the Okabe daimyo family in the 17th century and became a major port by the early 1800s. Kishiwada's traditional ...
- Kishon Port
- (from the article "Qishon River") In modern times the river's mouth has been developed as part of the Haifa port complex. The Kishon Port (so spelled by the Israel Ports Authority) has a cargo wharf 2,100 feet (640 m) long, enclosing a protected basin with depths from about 21 to 26 feet. It is the ...
- Kishon, Ephraim
- Hungarian-born Israeli satirist (b. Aug. 23, 1924, Budapest, Hung.-d. Jan. 29, 2005, Appenzell, Switz.), after surviving the Holocaust and immigrating to Israel, wrote prolifically and gained a large and appreciative audience, notably in Israel and Germany. Kishon was imprisoned in a Nazi forced-labour camp in 1944 but escaped while being ...
- Kishorganj
- town, east-central Bangladesh. It lies along the Kundali Khal River, which is navigable during the rainy monsoon season. Formerly noted for muslin manufacture, it was the site of a factory (trading post) of the British East India Company. Kishorganj was constituted a municipality in 1869. It now contains sugar and ...
- Kisi
- group of some 120,000 people inhabiting a belt of hills covered by wooded savannas where Guinea, Sierra Leone, and Liberia meet; they speak a language of the Atlantic branch of the Niger-Congo family. [3 Related Articles]
- Kisielewski, Stefan
- (from the article "Polish literature") ...freely, but the role of emigre publishers in promoting Polish literature remained quite visible.) Among those writers who stayed in Poland, many, including Pawel Jasienica and Stefan Kisielewski, were temporarily blacklisted for their political views. Jasienica published a series of historical studies emphasizing Poland's liberal traditions, while Kisielewski used his...
- Kiska
- (from the article "Major volcanoes of the world") ...of the Aleutian Islands, southwestern Alaska, U.S. They extend about 110 miles (175 km) southeast of the Near Islands and west of the Andreanof Islands. The largest of the islands are Amchitka, Kiska, and Semisopochnoi. Separated from the Andreanof Islands by Amchitka Pass, one of the main navigational lines through ...
- kiskadee
- (genus Pitangus), either of two similar New World bird species of flycatchers (family Tyrannidae, order Passeriformes), named for the call of the great kiskadee, or derby flycatcher (P. sulphuratus). The great kiskadee is reddish brown on the back, wings, and tail. The throat is white, the crown and sides of ...
- Kiskunfelegyhaza
- city, Bacs-Kiskun megye (county), central Hungary. It is in the region between the Danube and the Tisza rivers, formerly known as Kiskunsag (Little Kumania, from the immigrant Cuman [Hungarian: Kun] settlements of the 14th century), of which it was the capital. Little Kumania enjoyed considerable local autonomy before an administrative ... [1 Related Articles]
- Kiskunsag
- (from the article "Kiskunfelegyhaza") city, Bacs-Kiskun megye (county), central Hungary. It is in the region between the Danube and the Tisza rivers, formerly known as Kiskunsag (Little Kumania, from the immigrant Cuman [Hungarian: Kun] settlements of the 14th century), of which it was the capital. Little Kumania enjoyed considerable local autonomy before an administrative ...
- Kislev
- (from the article "Jewish calendar") ...Tammuz (June-July), Av (July-August), Elul (August-September), Tishri (Ethanim [September-October]), Heshvan, or Marheshvan (Bul [October-November]), Kislev (November-December), Tevet (December-January), Shevat (January-February), and Adar (February-March). The 13th month of the leap year, Adar Sheni (or...JudaismLunisolar structure...calendar is lunisolar-i.e., regulated by the positions ...
- Kislovodsk
- city, Stavropol kray (region), southwestern Russia. It lies along the Podkumok River in the Caucasus foothills just southwest of Pyatigorsk. Founded in 1803 as a spa based on abundant local mineral springs, Kislovodsk has become one of the largest health resorts in Russia, with seven springs and more than 40 ...
- Kismaayo
- seaport, southern Somalia. It lies along the Indian Ocean near the mouth of the Jubba River. Founded in 1872 by the sultan of Zanzibar, the town was taken by the British in 1887; it later became a part of Jubaland and was within Italian Somaliland (1927-41). In the 1960s its ... [2 Related Articles]
- Kiso Range
- (from the article "Japan") ...by mountains and volcanoes of the southern part of the East Japan Volcanic Belt. Intermontane basins are sandwiched between the lofty, partially glaciated central mountain knots of the Akaishi, Kiso, and Hida ranges (which together form the Japanese Alps) to the west and the Kanto Range to the east. The ...
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