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Jehovah's Witness ... Jephthah

Jehovah's Witness member of a millennialist denomination that developed within the larger 19th-century Adventist movement in the United States and has since spread worldwide. The Jehovah's Witnesses are an outgrowth of the International Bible Students Association, which was founded in 1872 in Pittsburgh by Charles Taze Russell. Jehu king (c. 842-815 BC) of Israel. He was a commander of chariots for the king of Israel, Ahab, and his son Jehoram, on Israel's frontier facing Damascus and Assyria. Ahab, son of King Omri, was eventually killed in a war with Assyria; during Jehoram's rule, Jehu accepted the invitation of ... Jekyll, Dr fictional character, the rational, humanistic protagonist of the novel Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1886) by Robert Louis Stevenson. His alter ego is the evil, barely human Mr. Hyde. Jekyll, Gertrude English landscape architect who was the most successful advocate of the natural garden and who brought to the theories of her colleague William Robinson a cultivated sensibility he lacked. Jelacic, Josip, Count Croatian politician and soldier who, as ban, or provincial governor, of Croatia under the Austrian Empire, helped crush the Hungarian nationalist revolt against the empire in 1848. Jelali Revolts rebellions in Anatolia against the Ottoman Empire in the 16th and 17th centuries. The first revolt occurred in 1519 near Tokat under the leadership of Celal, a preacher of Shi'ite Islam. Major revolts later occurred in 1526-28, 1595-1610, 1654-55, and 1658-59. Jelenia Gora city, Dolnoslaskie wojewodztwo (province), southwestern Poland. It lies in the Sudeten (Sudety) mountains near the Czech border, at the confluence of the Bobr and Kamienna rivers. Jelep Pass mountain pass on the border of the Indian state of Sikkim and the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. Jelep Pass lies at an elevation of about 14,390 feet (4,386 metres), in the Dongkya Range of the eastern Himalayas. The pass (la), with its gentle gradient, was a crucial link in ... Jelgava city, Latvia, on the Lielupe River southwest of Riga. In 1226 the Brothers of the Sword, a religious and military order, built the castle of Mitau there; town status was conferred on the settlement in 1376. In 1561, when the Brothers of the Sword were dissolved, it became the capital ... Jelinek, Elfriede Austrian novelist and playwright noted for her controversial works on gender relations, female sexuality, and popular culture. She was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2004. Jellicoe, John Rushworth Jellicoe, 1st Earl, Viscount Jellicoe of Scapa, Viscount Brocas of Southampton British admiral of the fleet who commanded at the crucial Battle of Jutland (May 31, 1916) during World War I. Jellinek, Adolf rabbi and scholar who was considered to be the most forceful Jewish preacher of his time in central Europe. Jellinek, Elvin M American physiologist who was a pioneer in the scientific study of alcoholism. Jellinek, Georg German legal and political philosopher who, in his book Die sozialethische Bedeutung von Recht, Unrecht und Strafe (1878; 2nd ed., 1908; "The Social-Ethical Significance of Right, Wrong, and Punishment"), defined the law as an ethical minimum-i.e., as a body of normative principles essential to civilized existence. Differing from the influential ... Jelling stones two 10th-century royal gravestones found in Jutland, best known of all Danish runic inscriptions. The earlier stone, a memorial honouring Queen Thyre, was commissioned by her husband, King Gorm the Old, last pagan king of Denmark. The other, erected in memory of his parents by Harald Bluetooth, son of Gorm ... jelly a semitransparent confection consisting of the strained juice of various fruits or vegetables, singly or in combination, sweetened, boiled, slowly simmered, and congealed, often with the aid of pectin, gelatin, or a similar substance. Jellyby, Mrs. satiric character in the novel Bleak House (1852-53) by Charles Dickens, one of his memorable caricatures. Matronly Mrs. Jellyby is a philanthropist who devotes her time and energy to setting up a mission in Africa while ignoring the needy in her own family and neighbourhood. jellyfish any planktonic marine member of the class Scyphozoa (phylum Cnidaria), a group of invertebrate animals composed of about 200 described species, or of the class Cubozoa (20 species). The term is also frequently applied to certain other cnidarians (such as members of the class Hydrozoa) that have a medusoid (bell- ... Jemaa town, Kaduna state, central Nigeria, near the Darroro Hills and on a road from Jos to Jagindi. A 2,000-year-old terra-cotta head discovered at Jemaa in 1944 proved to be vital to an understanding of the Nok culture, a civilization that probably flourished in the area between 900 BCE and 200 ... Jember city, Jawa Timur provinsi (province), Java, Indonesia, located at the foot of Mount Argopuro, 95 miles (153 km) southeast of Surabaya, the provincial capital. Roads and railway link it with Banyuwangi to the east, Probolinggo to the northwest, and Bondowoso and Situbondo to the northeast. Jember is an intermediary centre ... Jemison, Mae American physician and the first African American woman to become an astronaut. In 1992 she spent more than a week orbiting Earth in the space shuttle Endeavour. Jemison, Mary captive of Native American Indians, whose published life story became one of the most popular in the 19th-century genre of captivity stories. Jena city, Thuringia Land (state), east-central Germany. It lies on the Saale River, east of Weimar. First mentioned in the 9th century as Jani, it was chartered in 1230 and belonged to the margraves of Meissen from the mid-14th century. The house of Wettin, which held the margraviate and (after 1423) ... Jena glass fine-quality glass with improved resistance to heat and shock, suited for chemical ware. It was developed for thermometers and measuring vessels, optical ware, and scientific and industrial uses. Jena Romanticism a first phase of Romanticism in German literature, centred in Jena from about 1798 to 1804. The group was led by the versatile writer Ludwig Tieck. Two members of the group, the brothers August Wilhelm and Friedrich von Schlegel, who laid down the theoretical basis for Romanticism in the circle's ... Jena, Battle of (Oct. 14, 1806), military engagement of the Napoleonic Wars, fought between 122,000 French troops and 114,000 Prussians and Saxons, at Jena and Auerstadt, in Saxony (modern Germany). In the battle, Napoleon smashed the outdated Prussian army inherited from Frederick II the Great, which resulted in the reduction of Prussia to ... Jenatsch, Georg Swiss political and military leader of the Grisons (now Graubunden, the most easterly of Swiss cantons) during the complex struggles of the Thirty Years' War. Jendouba town, northwestern Tunisia, about 95 miles (150 km) west of Tunis. It lies along the middle Wadi Majardah (Medjerda). The town was developed on the railway from Tunis to Algeria during the French protectorate (1881-1955) and still serves as an important crossroads and administrative centre on the route from Tunis ... Jenkin, Fleeming British engineer noted for his work in establishing units of electrical measurement. Jenkins' Ear, War of war between Great Britain and Spain that began in October 1739 and eventually merged into the War of the Austrian Succession (1740-48). It was precipitated by an incident that took place in 1738 when Captain Robert Jenkins appeared before a committee of the House of Commons and exhibited what he ... Jenkins, David American figure skater who won a gold medal at the 1960 Winter Olympic Games in Squaw Valley, Calif. Jenkins, Fergie Canadian-born professional baseball player, one of the premier pitchers in the game in the late 1960s and early '70s. A hard-throwing right-hander, he won at least 20 games in each of six consecutive seasons (1967-72) while playing for the Chicago Cubs. In 1971, in recognition of his 24-13 record, 263 ... Jenkins, Hayes Alan American figure skater who won a gold medal at the 1956 Winter Games in Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy. Jenkins, John composer, lutenist, and string player, most eminent composer in his era of music for chamber ensembles. He was musician to Charles I and Charles II and served patrons from the nobility and gentry, notably Sir Hamon L'Estrange and Lord North, whose son refers to Jenkins in his writings. His last ... Jenkins, Roy, Baron Jenkins of Hillhead British politician, a strong supporter of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and the European Community. Formerly a Labourite, he was the first leader of the Social Democratic Party (1982-83) and later was leader of the Social and Liberal Democratic Peers (1988-98). Jenks, Joseph British American inventor. Jenner, Bruce American decathlete who won a gold medal at the 1976 Olympic Games in Montreal with a record score of 8,618 points. Jenner, Edward English surgeon and discoverer of vaccination for smallpox. Jenner, Sir William, 1st Baronet physician and anatomist best known for his clinico-pathologic distinction between typhus and typhoid fevers, although he was preceded in this work by others. His paper on the subject was published in 1849. Jenner taught at the University of London and served as physician and consultant to several hospitals. He was ... Jenney, William Le Baron American civil engineer and architect whose technical innovations were of primary importance in the development of the skyscraper. Jennie Gerhardt novel by Theodore Dreiser, published in 1911. It exemplifies the naturalism of which Dreiser was a proponent, telling the unhappy story of a working-class woman who accepts all the adversity life visits on her and becomes the mistress of two wealthy and powerful men in order to help her impoverished ... Jennings, Elizabeth English poet whose works relate intensely personal matters in a plainspoken, traditional, and objective style and whose verse frequently reflects her devout Roman Catholicism and her love of Italy. Jennings, Herbert Spencer U.S. zoologist, one of the first scientists to study the behaviour of individual microorganisms and to experiment with genetic variations in single-celled organisms. Jenolan Caves series of caves constituting one of Australia's best known tourist attractions, in east central New South Wales, 70 mi (113 km) west of Sydney. They comprise a series of tunnels and caverns formed by two converging streams in a thick bed of limestone at an elevation of 2,600 ft (800 ... Jensen, Georg Danish silversmith and designer who achieved international prominence for his commercial application of modern metal design. The simple elegance of his works and their emphasis on fine craftsmanship, hallmarks of Jensen's products, are recognized around the world. Jensen, Gerrit royal cabinetmaker of Louis XIV-style furniture, who became one of the most fashionable and foremost designers and craftsmen of his time. Apparently the first cabinetmaker to earn individual distinction in England, he became famous for his technique of metal- inlaid furniture and is therefore sometimes called the English Boulle, after ... Jensen, J. Hans D. German physicist who shared half of the 1963 Nobel Prize for Physics with Maria Goeppert Mayer for their proposal of the shell nuclear model. (The other half of the prize was awarded to Eugene P. Wigner for unrelated work.) Jensen, Jens highly original landscape architect whose public and private works, mostly in the U.S. Midwest, are marked by harmonious use of natural terrain and native flora. Jensen, Johannes V. Danish novelist, poet, essayist, and writer of many myths, whose attempt, in his later years, to depict man's development in the light of an idealized Darwinian theory caused his work to be much debated. He received the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1944. Jenson, Nicolas publisher and printer who developed the roman-style typeface. Jephthah a judge or regent (often a hero figure) of Israel who dominates a narrative in the Book of Judges, where he is presented as an exemplar of faith for Israel in its monotheistic commitment to Yahweh. Of the Israelite tribe in Gilead (present northwest Jordan), he was banished from his ...