| | - Doblhoff WNF 342
- (from the article "flight, history of") The first jet (but not turbine) helicopter was the German Doblhoff WNF 342, which flew in 1943 using three hollow rotors through which a mixture of fuel and air was compressed to burn through nozzles at the blade tips for vertical takeoffs and landings. A conventional piston engine was used ...
- Doblin, Alfred
- German novelist and essayist, the most talented narrative writer of the German Expressionist movement. [1 Related Articles]
- Dobo
- (from the article "Aru Islands") ...main islands (Warilau, Kola, Wokam, Kobroor, Maikoor, and Trangan) separated by five narrow channels. About 85 smaller islands bring the group's total area to 3,306 square miles (8,563 square km). Dobo, the main town, on small Wamar Island, is the site of the principal harbour and a minor airport. All ...
- Dobo, Istvan
- Hungarian landowner and captain of the fortress of Eger, where in 1552 he scored a historic victory over the besieging Ottoman army.
- Dobrich
- town, northeastern Bulgaria. It lies on the road and railway line between Varna and Constanta, Rom., and is a long-established market town. Under Turkish rule from the 15th century until 1878, the town was called Bazardzhik; after liberation it became Dobrich. While part of Romania from 1913 to 1940, it ...
- dobro
- (from the article "Slavic religion") ...These forms are: bog ("god"); sporysh, anciently an edible herb, today a stalk of grain with two ears, a symbol of abundance; ray ("paradise"); and dobro ("the good"). The word bog is an Indo-Iranian word signifying riches, abundance, and good fortune. Sporysh symbolizes the same concept. In Iranian ray has ...
- Dobrolyubov, Nikolay Aleksandrovich
- radical Russian utilitarian critic who rejected traditional and Romantic literature. [4 Related Articles]
- Dobrovolsky, Georgy Timofeyevich
- Soviet cosmonaut, mission commander on the Soyuz 11 mission in which he, along with design engineer Viktor Ivanovich Patsayev and flight engineer Vladislav Nikolayevich Volkov, remained in space a record 24 days. They created the first manned orbital scientific station by docking their Soyuz 11 spacecraft with the unmanned Salyut ... [1 Related Articles]
- Dobrovsky, Josef
- scholar of the Czech language, antiquary, and a principal founder of comparative Slavic linguistics. [2 Related Articles]
- Dobruja
- a region of the Balkan Peninsula, situated between the lower Danube River and the Black Sea. The larger, northern part belongs to Romania, the smaller, southern part to Bulgaria. It is a tableland of some 8,970 square miles (23,000 square km) in area, resembling a steppe with maximum elevations of ... [3 Related Articles]
- Dobrynin, Anatoly Fyodorovich
- Soviet diplomat, ambassador to the United States (1962-86), and dean of the Washington, D.C., diplomatic corps (1979-86).
- Dobsina
- mining village, Vychodni Slovensko kraj (region), Slovakia. It lies in the Slovak Ore Mountains, on the Slana River, northwest of Kosice. The settlement, founded in 1326 by immigrant German miners, has retained a tradition of lumbering and iron mining. A few miles northwest is Dobsina Ice Cave, set in massive ...
- Dobsina Ice Cave
- (from the article "Dobsina") ...on the Slana River, northwest of Kosice. The settlement, founded in 1326 by immigrant German miners, has retained a tradition of lumbering and iron mining. A few miles northwest is Dobsina Ice Cave, set in massive limestone rocks. The largest room, called "Big Hall," is 396 feet by 148 feet ...
- Dobson, Austin
- English poet, critic, and biographer whose love and knowledge of the 18th century lent a graceful elegance to his poetry and inspired his critical studies.
- Dobson, Frank
- English sculptor who was influential in the promotion and development of modern sculpture in England.
- Dobson, William
- English portrait painter, one of the first distinguished native English painters. [1 Related Articles]
- dobsonfly
- any of a group of insects (order Megaloptera) that are usually large and have four net-veined wings of similar size and shape. Dobsonflies are found in North and South America, Asia, Australia, and Africa. [2 Related Articles]
- Dobuni
- an ancient British tribe centred on the confluence of the Severn and Avon rivers. The Dobuni, who were ruled by a Belgic aristocracy, apparently made peace with the Roman emperor Claudius (reigned AD 41-54). Later, Corinium (Cirencester) was made the capital, and it soon became the second largest city in ...
- dobutamine
- (from the article "diagnosis") Another method for evaluating the heart without the stress of exercise involves the intravenous injection of the drug dobutamine, while monitoring the effects using echocardiography. By using dobutamine echocardiography, the heart condition of frail patients and those who have heart disease or physical limitations that preclude exercise can be evaluated. ...
- Doby, Larry
- American baseball player, the second African American player in the major leagues and the first in the American League when he joined the Cleveland Indians in 1947. [4 Related Articles]
- Dobyns, Henry
- (from the article "Native American") ...lived in Northern America at the time of Columbian landfall. In 1934 A.L. Kroeber reanalyzed Mooney's work and estimated 900,000 individuals for the same region and period. In 1966 ethnohistorian Henry Dobyns estimated that there were between 9,800,000 and 12,200,000 people north of the Rio Grande before contact; in 1983 ...
- Dobyns, Stephen
- American poet and novelist whose works are characterized by a cool realism laced with pungent wit.
- Dobzhansky, Theodosius
- Ukrainian-American geneticist and evolutionist whose work had a major influence on 20th-century thought and research on genetics and evolutionary theory. [3 Related Articles]
- Doccia porcelain
- porcelain produced at a factory near Florence founded by Marchese Carlo Ginori in 1735; until 1896 the enterprise operated under the name Doccia, since then under the name Richard-Ginori. After an initial experimental period, during which he imported Chinese porcelain samples, Ginori engaged two Viennese painters, J.C.W. Anreiter and his ... [1 Related Articles]
- Doce River
- river, eastern Brazil, formed by the junction of the Carmo and Piranga rivers in southeastern Minas Gerais state. Flowing northeastward to Governador Valadares, southeastward to Colatina, and thence eastward across the coastal plain of Espirito Santo state, it empties into the Atlantic Ocean near Regencia after a course of approximately ... [1 Related Articles]
- Docetism
- (from Greek dokein, "to seem"), Christian heresy and one of the earliest Christian sectarian doctrines, affirming that Christ did not have a real or natural body during his life on earth but only an apparent or phantom one. Though its incipient forms are alluded to in the New Testament, such ... [3 Related Articles]
- dock
- artificially enclosed basin into which vessels are brought for inspection and repair. [2 Related Articles]
- Dock, Christopher
- Mennonite schoolmaster in colonial Pennsylvania whose teaching methods gave rise to publication of the first known book dealing with education in America.
- docking
- (from the article "spaceflight") Rendezvous is the process of bringing two spacecraft together, whereas docking is their subsequent meeting and physical joining. The essential elements of a rendezvous are the matching of orbital trajectories and the movement of one spacecraft within close proximity of the other, typically within 100 metres (330 feet). Ideally, the ...
- Docklands
- (from the article "Melbourne") In the 1990s an ambitious project was launched to develop Docklands, a 500-acre (200-hectare) site of crumbling industrial and port facilities, into a multiuse complex featuring high-technology businesses, parks and public spaces, restaurants, a theme park, and apartment buildings and other housing. Docklands was expected to become home for 15,000 ...
- Dockwra, William
- (from the article "Penny Post") private postal service created by the London merchant William Dockwra in 1680. All letters and packets up to one pound in weight were delivered for one penny (1 d). The packets were also insured up to £10. Dockwra's system consisted of several hundred receiving offices from which an hourly collection ...
- Docodon
- extinct genus of mammals originally known only from fossilized teeth. The dentition patterns of the cusps and other molar structures are complex and distinct, resembling those of modern mammals; however, Docodon and its close relatives, the docodonts, are only distantly related to living mammal groups. Whether or not these animals ...
- docosahexaenoic acid
- (from the article "Common fatty acids in foods") ...by lowering blood pressure, reducing blood clotting, preventing irregular heart rhythms, and acting as anti-inflammatory agents. The long-chain omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are derived from alpha-linolenic acid, a shorter-chain member of the same family. Fatty fish such as salmon, herring, sardines, mackerel, and tuna ...
- doctor
- (from the article "degree") ...held by his masters. The holder of the bachelor's degree had thus completed the first stage of academic life and was enabled to proceed with a course of study for the degree of master or doctor. After completing those studies, he was examined by the chancellor's board and by the ...
- doctor
- (from the article "bioethics") The issues studied in bioethics can be grouped into several categories. One category concerns the relationship between doctor and patient, including issues that arise from conflicts between a doctor's duty to promote the health of his patient and the patient's right to self-determination or autonomy, a right that in the ...
- doctor blading
- (from the article "advanced ceramics") ...for integrated circuits and the multilayer structures used in both integrated-circuit packages and multilayer capacitors. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a common tape-casting method called doctor blading. In this process a ceramic powder slurry, containing an organic solvent such as ethanol and various other additives (e.g., polymer binder), ...
- Doctor Club
- (from the article "Marx, Karl") ...intense vexation at having to make an idol of a view I detested." The Hegelian pressure in the revolutionary student culture was powerful, however, and Marx joined a society called the Doctor Club, whose members were intensely involved in the new literary and philosophical movement. Their chief figure was Bruno ...
- doctor of dental medicine
- (from the article "dentistry") After predental courses, training consists of four years in a faculty of dentistry to qualify as a doctor of dental surgery (D.D.S.) or doctor of dental medicine (D.M.D.), both degrees being equivalent. The program of studies during the four-year course includes the following biological sciences: human anatomy, biochemistry, bacteriology, histology, ...
- doctor of dental surgery
- (from the article "dentistry") After predental courses, training consists of four years in a faculty of dentistry to qualify as a doctor of dental surgery (D.D.S.) or doctor of dental medicine (D.M.D.), both degrees being equivalent. The program of studies during the four-year course includes the following biological sciences: human anatomy, biochemistry, bacteriology, histology, ...
- doctor process of oxidation
- (from the article "petroleum refining") Sweetening processes oxidize mercaptans into more innocuous disulfides, which remain in the product fuels. Catalysts assist in the oxidation. The doctor process employs sodium plumbite, a solution of lead oxide in caustic soda, as a catalyst. At one time this inexpensive process was widely practiced, but the necessity of adding ...
- doctor test
- (from the article "organosulfur compound") ...in organic solvents. The formation of a black precipitate of lead mercaptide (or lead sulfide, PbS) upon the addition of lead salts to liquid petroleum products is the basis for the so-called doctor test for the detection of thiols.
- Doctorow, E.L.
- American novelist known for his skillful manipulation of traditional genres. [3 Related Articles]
- Doctors Without Borders
- international humanitarian group dedicated to providing medical care to victims of political violence or natural disasters, as well as to those who lack access to such treatment. The group was awarded the 1999 Nobel Prize for Peace. [3 Related Articles]
- Doctors' Commons
- formerly a self-governing teaching body of practitioners of canon and civil law. Located in London, it was similar to the Inns of Court, where English common law, rather than civil law, was taught. Members of the Doctors' Commons were those who held degrees either of doctor of civil law at ...
- Doctors' Plot
- (1953), alleged conspiracy of prominent Soviet medical specialists to murder leading government and party officials; the prevailing opinion of many scholars outside the Soviet Union is that Joseph Stalin intended to use the resulting doctors' trial to launch a massive party purge. [2 Related Articles]
- Doctrinaires
- (from the article "Broglie, Victor, 3e duc de") In politics under Louis XVIII and Charles X, Broglie identified himself with the Doctrinaires, a small but active group that advocated constitutional monarchy and was in charge of drafting the liberal press law adopted during Louis XVIII's reign. In 1826 Broglie attacked the bills on primogeniture designed to prevent equal ...
- Doctrinas de Guaranies
- (from the article "Guarani") ...in eastern Paraguay among the Guarani of the Parana River. Eventually about 30 large and successful mission towns constituted the famous "Jesuit Utopia," the Doctrinas de Guaranies. In 1767, however, the expulsion of the Jesuits was followed by the scattering of mission Indians, who were often taken into slavery, and ...
- doctrine and dogma
- the explication and officially acceptable version of a religious teaching. The development of doctrines and dogmas has significantly affected the traditions, institutions, and practices of the religions of the world. Doctrines and dogmas also have influenced and been influenced by the ongoing development of secular history, science, and philosophy. [8 Related Articles]
- Doctrine of the Faith, Congregation for the
- (from the article "Benedict XVI") As prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Ratzinger earned a reputation as a hard-line enforcer of doctrinal uniformity. He condemned liberation theology and suppressed more-liberal theologians such as the Brazilian Leonardo Boff and the American Charles Curran. Despite his reputation, even his harshest critics recognized his ...
- document
- (from the article "information processing") ...of Sumerian and Egyptian writings, recorded in cuneiform on clay tablets and in hieroglyphic script on papyrus, contained information about legal and economic transactions. In these and other early document collections (e.g., those of China produced during the Shang dynasty in the 2nd millennium BC and Buddhist collections in India ...
- document formatting language
- (from the article "computer programming language") Document formatting languages specify the organization of printed text and graphics. They fall into several classes: text formatting notation that can serve the same functions as a word processing program, page description languages that are interpreted by a printing device, and, most generally, markup languages that describe the intended function ...
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