| | - dew claw
- (from the article "claw") ...(keratinized) modification of the epidermis. Claws may be adapted for scratching, clutching, digging, or climbing. By analogy, the appendages of other lower animals are frequently called claws. The claw's shape is ordinarily suited to the food-getting habit of the animal. Eagles have long, curved talons for grasping prey; the claws ...
- dew retting
- (from the article "retting") ...on plants to dissolve or rot away much of the cellular tissues and gummy substances surrounding bast-fibre bundles, thus facilitating separation of the fibre from the stem. Basic methods include dew retting and water retting.
- dew-point hygrometer
- (from the article "hygrometer") Dew-point hygrometers typically consist of a polished metal mirror that is cooled at a constant pressure and constant vapour content until moisture just starts to condense on it. The temperature of the metal at which condensation begins is the dew point.
- dew-point temperature
- (from the article "climate") The meaning of dew-point temperature can be illustrated by a sample of air with a vapour pressure of 17 mb. If an object at 15 °C is brought into the air, dew will form on the object. Hence, 15 °C is the dew-point temperature of the air-i.e., the temperature at ...
- Dewantoro, Ki Hadjar
- original name Raden Mas (Lord) Suwardi Surjaningrat founder of the Taman Siswa (literally "Garden of Students") school system, an influential and widespread network of schools that encouraged modernization but also promoted indigenous Indonesian culture. [1 Related Articles]
- Dewar benzene
- (from the article "physical science") ...German chemist August Kekule (later Kekule von Stradonitz) in 1865, with alternating single and double bonds between adjacent carbon atoms in the six-carbon ring. The other three (now called Dewar structures for the British chemist and physicist James Dewar, though they were first suggested by H. Wichelhaus in 1869) have ...
- Dewar, Donald Campbell
- U.K. statesman (b. Aug. 21, 1937, Glasgow, Scot.-d. Oct. 11, 2000, Edinburgh, Scot.), was for many years a leading proponent of Scottish devolution; he saw his desire become reality and in the process became first minister of Scotland's first Parliament in almost 300 years. A witty, brilliant man known for ...
- Dewar, Sir James
- British chemist and physicist whose study of low-temperature phenomena entailed the use of a double-walled vacuum flask of his own design which has been named for him. [2 Related Articles]
- Dewas
- city, western Madhya Pradesh state, central India. It is located on the Malwa Plateau at the foot of the conical Chamunda Hill, which rises to a Devivasini shrine. Jaina and Hindu temple ruins lie just south of the city, in Nagara. The surrounding area consists chiefly of level plains of ...
- dewatering
- (from the article "mineral processing") Concentrates and tailings produced by the methods outlined above must be dewatered in order to convert the pulps to a transportable state. In addition, the water can be recycled into the existing water circuits of the processing plant, greatly reducing the demand for expensive fresh water.
sludge treatment
- dewberry
- any blackberry of the genus Rubus (family Rosaceae) so lacking woody fibre in the stems that it trails along the ground. In the eastern and southern United States, several trailing native species of Rubus, especially R. flagellaris, R. baileyanus, R. hispidus, R. enslenii, and R. trivialis, produce excellent fruits. Some ... [1 Related Articles]
- Dewey Decimal Classification
- system for organizing the contents of a library based on the division of all knowledge into 10 groups, with each group assigned 100 numbers. The 10 main groups are: 000-099, general works; 100-199, philosophy and psychology; 200-299, religion; 300-399, social sciences; 400-499, language; 500-599, natural sciences and mathematics; 600-699, technology; ... [3 Related Articles]
- Dewey, George
- U.S. naval commander who defeated the Spanish fleet at the Battle of Manila Bay during the Spanish-American War (1898). [4 Related Articles]
- Dewey, John
- American philosopher and educator who was one of the founders of the philosophical school of pragmatism, a pioneer in functional psychology, and a leader of the progressive movement in education in the United States. [25 Related Articles]
- Dewey, Melvil
- American librarian who devised the Dewey Decimal Classification for library cataloging and, probably more than any other individual, was responsible for the development of library science in the United States. [3 Related Articles]
- Dewey, Thomas E.
- vigorous U.S. prosecuting attorney whose successful racket-busting career won him three terms as governor of New York (1943-55). A long-time Republican leader, he was his party's presidential nominee in 1944 and 1948 but lost in both elections. [4 Related Articles]
- Dewhurst, Colleen
- American actress who was the leading Broadway interpreter of the plays of Eugene O'Neill in the second half of the 20th century.
- Dewing, Thomas W.
- (from the article "Ten, The") ...National Academy of Design, they chose to exhibit independently, hoping to draw public attention to their paintings. The members of The Ten were Childe Hassam, John Henry Twachtman, J. Alden Weir, Thomas W. Dewing, Joseph De Camp, Frank W. Benson, Willard Leroy Metcalf, Edmund Charles Tarbell, Robert Reid, and E.E. ...
- Dewitt's Corner, Treaty of
- (from the article "Cherokee") ...villages destroyed, and their warriors dispersed. The defeated tribes sued for peace; in order to obtain it, they were forced to surrender vast tracts of territory in North and South Carolina at the Treaty of DeWitt's Corner (May 20, 1777) and the Treaty of Long Island of Holston (July 20, ...
- DeWitt, Lydia Maria Adams
- nee Adams American experimental pathologist and investigator of the chemotherapy of tuberculosis.
- DeWitt-Chestnut Apartments
- (from the article "building construction") ...to build the 39-story Executive House in Chicago to a height of 111 metres (371 feet). Of equal importance was the introduction of the perimeter-framed tube form in concrete by Fazlur Khan in the DeWitt-Chestnut Apartments (1963) in Chicago; the building rises 43 stories (116 metres, or 387 feet). Lateral ...
- dewlap
- (from the article "kouprey") In size, the kouprey falls between the gaur and the somewhat smaller banteng. Its thin, long-legged body also possesses a large dewlap. Its horns-about 80 cm (31.5 inches) long in the male and about half that in the female-are similar in shape to those of the wild yak. Koupreys live ...
- Dewsbury
- town in Kirklees metropolitan borough, metropolitan county of West Yorkshire, historic county of Yorkshire, northern England. It lies along the River Calder 9 miles (14 km) south-southwest of Leeds. Dewsbury (which was mentioned in Domesday Book in 1086) had a woolen industry as early as the 13th century, but there ...
- Dewson, Mary Williams
- American economist and political organizer, closely associated with the political campaigns and administrative programs of U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
- dewy pine
- (from the article "carnivorous plant") ...and muddy or sandy shores where water is at least seasonally abundant and where nitrogenous materials are often scarce or unavailable because of acid or other unfavourable soil conditions. Drosophyllum lusitanicum seems to be the one exception; it grows on dry, gravelly hills of Portugal and Morocco.
- dexamethasone
- (from the article "steroid") ...appear in various combinations in anti-inflammatory steroids, many of which, however, lack the salt-retaining activity necessary for total adrenal-replacement therapy. Cortisol analogs, such as dexamethasone, are used to treat many inflammatory and rheumatic diseases, to suppress the immune response in allergies and in organ transplantation, and to delay the progress ...
- Dexippus, Publius Herennius
- Roman historian and Athenian statesman, one of the principal authorities for the history of the mid-3rd century AD. [2 Related Articles]
- dexter
- (from the article "heraldry") The terms dexter and sinister mean merely "right" and "left." A shield is understood to be as if held by a user whom the beholder is facing. Thus the side of the shield facing the beholder's left is the dexter, or right-hand side, and that opposite it is the sinister, ...
- Dexter, John
- British director of stage plays and operas.
- Dextra, Zacharias
- (from the article "pottery") ...the first firing, and the red was applied afterward and fired at a lower temperature. Gilding is found on the finer specimens and required a further firing. Overglaze colours were introduced by Zacharias Dextra about 1720, and the Chinese famille rose patterns were frequently imitated. Among the rarer and more ...
- dextran
- (from the article "Some compounds produced by bacteria on an industrial scale") Dextrans, a group of polysaccharides composed of glucose, are secreted by certain strains of bacteria as slimes. The structure of an individual dextran varies with the strain of microorganism. Dextrans can be used as plasma expanders (substitutes for whole blood) in cases of severe shock. In addition, a dextran derivative ...
- dextrin
- (from the article "cereal processing") ...chain amylose but is unable to attack most of the branch chain amylopectin. If only beta-amylase is present, maltose is produced, together with a residue of the amylopectin portion, or dextrin of high molecular weight. When alpha-amylase (dextrinogenic) attacks starch, gummy dextrins of low molecular weight are formed and can ...
- dextroamphetamine
- (from the article "amphetamine") ...with an acrid taste and a faint odour; the most widely used preparation of the drug is amphetamine sulfate, marketed under the name Benzedrine, a white powder with a slightly bitter, numbing taste. Dextroamphetamine sulfate, marketed under the name Dexedrine, is the more active of the two optically isomeric forms ...
- dextromethorphan
- synthetic drug related to morphine and used in medicine as a cough suppressant. The hydrobromide salt of dextromethorphan occurs as white crystals or a white crystalline powder, soluble in water, alcohol, and chloroform. It acts upon the central nervous system to suppress the cough reflex. The drug does not produce ...
- dextromethorphan hydrobromide
- (from the article "dextromethorphan") synthetic drug related to morphine and used in medicine as a cough suppressant. The hydrobromide salt of dextromethorphan occurs as white crystals or a white crystalline powder, soluble in water, alcohol, and chloroform. It acts upon the central nervous system to suppress the cough reflex. The drug does not produce ...
- dextrorotatory
- (from the article "optical activity") ...is assigned a positive value if it is clockwise with respect to an observer facing the light source, negative if counterclockwise. A substance with a positive specific rotation is described as dextrorotatory and denoted by the prefix d or (+); one with a negative specific rotation is levorotatory, designated by ...
- dextrose equivalent
- (from the article "cereal processing") ...to complete the change to dextrose. Modern syrups and crystalline dextrose are made by continuous processes. The degree of conversion of the starch into the sugar dextrose is expressed as D.E. (dextrose equivalents), and confectionery syrups have a D.E. of about 36 to 55, while the fuller conversion of products ...
- dey
- in the Ottoman provinces of Algiers and Tunis, an honorary title conferred upon exceptionally able corsair leaders; also, a lower rank of officer in the Janissaries. In late 16th-century Tunis, a dey commanded the army and eventually was in sole control of the state, but by 1705 the title had ... [2 Related Articles]
- Deyssel, Lodewijk van
- leading Dutch writer and critic of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
- Deyverdun, Georges
- (from the article "Gibbon, Edward") In the latter part of his exile Gibbon entered more freely into Lausanne society. He attended Voltaire's parties. He formed an enduring friendship with a young Swiss, Georges Deyverdun, and also fell in love with and rashly plighted himself to Suzanne Curchod, a pastor's daughter of great charm and intelligence. ...
- Dez Dam
- (from the article "Dezful") ...region's nomadic population; it connects by road with the highland and with Ahvaz. The Trans-Iranian Railway stops on the other side of the river, and there is an airfield. The great Dez Dam (formerly Pahlavi Dam), 20 miles (32 km) upstream, was designed to provide abundant power and to increase ...
- Dez River
- (from the article "Karun River") ...only 180 miles (290 km). Its catchment basin up to Ahvaz has an area of 22,069 square miles (57,059 square km), of which 7,000 square miles (18,130 square km) belong to its main tributary, the Dez. Most of the area is mountainous, forming part of the limestone Zagros ranges.
- Dezful
- city, southwestern Iran. It lies on the high left bank of the Dez River, 469 feet (143 metres) in elevation, close to the foothills of the Zagros Mountains. The name, meaning Dez Bridge, is derived from the imposing bridge, 1,345 feet (410 metres) long, that spans the river and was ...
- Dezhnyov, Cape
- cape, extreme eastern Russia. Cape Dezhnyov is the easternmost point of the Chukchi Peninsula and of the entire Eurasian landmass. It is separated from Cape Prince of Wales in Alaska by the Bering Strait. The Russian name was given in 1879 in honour of a Russian explorer S.I. Dezhnyov, who ...
- Dezhnyov, Semyon Ivanov
- Russian explorer, the first European known to have sailed through the Bering Strait. [2 Related Articles]
- Dezhou
- city, northwestern Shandong sheng (province), northeast-central China. It is located on the Southern (Yongji) Canal, just east of the Wei River and the border with Hebei province.
- Dezong
- temple name (miaohao) of the 10th emperor (reigned 779-805) of the Tang dynasty and the only emperor in the latter half of the dynasty to reign more than 20 years. In spite of his long reign, he never successfully controlled the militarists who commanded the provinces and ... [2 Related Articles]
- Dfa climate
- (from the article "climate") ...of this convective activity, although more uniform patterns are not uncommon. Severe thunderstorms and tornadoes are an early summer occurrence when the polar front is in the southern margin of the Dfa region. Winter precipitation often occurs in the form of snow, and a continuous snow cover is established for ...
- Dga'-ldan
- leader of the Dzungar tribes of Mongols (reigned 1676-97). He conquered an empire that included Tibet in the southwest and ranged across Central Asia to the borders of Russia on the northeast. [3 Related Articles]
- Dga'-ldan Monastery
- (from the article "Tibet") ...the moral and philosophical ideas of Atisa rather than the magic and mysticism of Sa-skya-though he did not discard the latter entirely. In 1409 he founded his own monastery at Dga'-ldan, devoted to the restoration of strict monastic discipline. Tsong-kha-pa's disciplinary reform appealed to people weary of rivalry and strife ...
- Dge-'dun-grub-pa
- (from the article "Dalai Lama") The first of the line was Dge-'dun-grub-pa (1391-1475), founder and abbot of Tashilhunpo monastery (central Tibet). In accordance with the belief in reincarnate lamas, which began to develop in the 14th century, his successors were conceived as his rebirths and came to be regarded as physical manifestations of the compassionate ...
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