ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0-9
Ceanannus Mor ... celery
Ceanannus Mor
market town and urban district of County Meath, Ireland, on the River Blackwater. The town was originally a royal residence. In the 6th century it was granted to St. Columba and became a centre of learning. A bishopric was founded there about 807 and was united to that of Meath ...
Ceanothus
genus of North American shrubs, of the buckthorn family (Rhamnaceae), comprising about 55 species. The leaves are alternate or opposite. The very small blue or white flowers are borne in profuse, erect clusters.
Ceara
estado (state) of northeastern Brazil. It is bounded on the north by the Atlantic Ocean, on the east by the Atlantic and the states of Rio Grande do Norte and Paraiba, on the south by the state of Pernambuco, and on the west by the state of Piaui. The capital, ...
cease-fire
a total cessation of armed hostilities, regulated by the same general principles as those governing armistice. In contemporary diplomatic usage the term implies that the belligerents are too far apart in their negotiating positions to permit the conclusion of a formal armistice agreement. See also armistice.
Ceausescu, Nicolae
Communist official who was leader of Romania from 1965 until he was overthrown and killed in a revolution in 1989.
Ceawlin
king of the West Saxons, or Wessex, from 560 to 592, who drove the Britons from most of southern England and carved out a kingdom in the southern Midlands.
Ceboruco
dormant volcano, southeastern Nayarit estado (state), west-central Mexico. It is situated about 50 miles (80 km) southwest of Tepic, the state capital. The highest of Ceboruco's three principal craters attains an elevation of 7,100 feet (2,164 metres) above sea level. Three periods of eruption, the last of which occurred from ...
Cebu
island, central Philippines. It is the centre of Visayan-Cebuano culture and has preserved a strong Spanish tradition in its cultural life. Attracted by the island's focal position, the Portuguese navigator Ferdinand Magellan landed there and converted the ruler and chiefs to Christianity. He later was killed on nearby Mactan Island. ...
Cebu City
city, Cebu Island, south-central Philippines. Located on Cebu Island's eastern coast, it is protected by offshore Mactan Island and by the inland Cordillera Central. It is one of the nation's largest cities and a bustling port. Its harbour is provided by the sheltered strait between Mactan Island and the coast.
Cebuano
the second largest ethnolinguistic group (after Tagalog) in the Philippines, numbering roughly 16.5 million in the second decade of the 21st century. They speak an Austronesian (Malayo-Polynesian) language and are sometimes grouped with the Hiligaynon and Waray-Waray under the generic name of Visayan (Bisayan) peoples. The Cebuano inhabit the islands ...
Cebuano language
member of the Western, or Indonesian, branch of the Austronesian (Malayo-Polynesian) language family. It was spoken in the early 21st century by roughly 18.5 million people in the Philippines (speakers are spread over eastern Negros, Cebu, Bohol, western Leyte, the Camotes Islands, and the northern and western coasts of Mindanao). ...
Cecchetti, Enrico
Italian ballet dancer and teacher noted for his method of instruction and for his part in training many distinguished artists.
Cecchi, Emilio
Italian essayist and critic noted for his writing style and for introducing Italian readers to valuable English and American writers.
Cech, Thomas Robert
American biochemist and molecular biologist who, with Sidney Altman, was awarded the 1989 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for their discoveries concerning RNA (ribonucleic acid).
Cecil
county, northeastern Maryland, U.S., lying at the head of Chesapeake Bay and bounded by Pennsylvania to the north, Delaware to the east, the Sassafras River to the south, and the Susquehanna River to the west. The county is drained by Octoraro Creek, the Northeast River, and the Elk River, which ...
Cecil Family
one of England's most famous and politically influential families, represented by two branches, holding respectively the marquessates of Exeter and Salisbury, both descended from William Cecil, Lord Burghley, Elizabeth I's lord treasurer. Burghley's elder son, Thomas, was created Earl of Exeter, and his descendant the 10th Earl was made a ...
Cecil, Lord David
English biographer, literary critic, and educator, best known for his discerning, sympathetic, and elegantly written studies of many literary figures.
Cecil, Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 1st Viscount
British statesman and winner of the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1937. He was one of the principal draftsmen of the League of Nations Covenant in 1919 and one of the most loyal workers for the League until its supersession by the United Nations in 1945.
Cecil, William, 1st Baron Burghley
principal adviser to England's Queen Elizabeth I through most of her reign. Cecil was a master of Renaissance statecraft, whose talents as a diplomat, politician, and administrator won him high office and a peerage.
Cecilia, Saint
patroness of music, one of the most famous Roman martyrs of the early church and historically one of the most discussed.
cecropia
several species of tropical tree of the family Cecropiaceae common to the understory layer of disturbed forest habitats of Central and South America. It is easily recognized by its thin, white-ringed trunk and umbrella-like arrangement of large leaves at the branch tips. These extremely fast-growing trees are colonizers of forest ...
Cecrops
traditionally considered the first king of Attica in ancient Greece. Cecrops succeeded King Actaeus, whose daughter, Aglauros, he married. He was said to have instituted the laws of marriage and property and a new form of worship. The abolition of human sacrifice, the burial of the dead, and the invention ...
cecum
pouch or large tubelike structure in the lower abdominal cavity that receives undigested food material from the small intestine and is considered the first region of the large intestine. It is separated from the ileum (the final portion of the small intestine) by the ileocecal valve (also called Bauhin valve), ...
cedar
any of four species of ornamental and timber evergreen conifers of the genus Cedrus (family Pinaceae), three native to mountainous areas of the Mediterranean region and one to the western Himalayas. Many other coniferous trees known as "cedars" resemble true cedars in being evergreen and in having aromatic, often red ...
Cedar Breaks National Monument
a vast natural amphitheatre, with a diameter of more than 3 miles (5 km), eroded in a limestone escarpment (Pink Cliffs) 2,000 feet (600 metres) thick in southwestern Utah, U.S., 15 miles (24 km) southeast of Cedar City. Once a part of Sevier (now Dixie) National Forest, it was established ...
Cedar City
city, Iron county, southwestern Utah, U.S., on the scarp of the Hurricane Fault, 5,800 feet (1,768 metres) above sea level. Founded in 1851, following the discovery of iron ore, it was named for the abundance of juniper trees (called cedar in early reports) in the mountainous locality. Part of an ...
Cedar Falls
city, Black Hawk county, east-central Iowa, U.S., on the Cedar River, just west of Waterloo. Settled in 1845 by William Sturgis and laid out in 1852, it was first called Sturgis Falls until 1849 when it was renamed for the cedar trees along the river. Cedar Falls served briefly as ...
Cedar Rapids
city, seat (1919) of Linn county, east-central Iowa, U.S. It lies astride the Cedar River adjacent to the cities of Marion (northeast) and Hiawatha (north), about 25 miles (40 km) northwest of Iowa City. The east bank, settled in the late 1830s and surveyed in 1841, was called Rapids City ...
Cedar River
nonnavigable stream in the north-central United States, flowing from southeastern Minnesota southeasterly across Iowa and joining the Iowa River about 20 miles (32 km) from the Mississippi River. Over the river's 329-mile (529-kilometre) course, it descends 740 feet (226 m). The Cedar River's 7,819-square-mile (20,251-square-kilometre) drainage basin is mostly fertile ...
cedar-apple rust
common disease in North America of red cedar (Juniperus virginiana), related Juniperus species, apple, and crab apple, caused by the fungus Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae. Both hosts, the junipers and the apples, are required for completion of the rust life cycle. Greenish-brown to chocolate-brown galls (cedar apples) that are round to kidney-shaped ...
Cedaria
genus of trilobites (extinct arthropods) that is a useful index fossil for Cambrian rocks and time (about 542 million to 488 million years ago). Cedaria was small, with a well-developed tail section and a prominent head section.
Ceduna
town and port, west-central South Australia. It lies on Denial Bay along the Great Australian Bight, 340 miles (550 km) northwest of Adelaide. It was founded in 1896. Its name is of Aboriginal derivation and means "resting place," referring to a nearby waterhole. It is situated on the Eyre Highway ...
Cefalu
town and episcopal see, northern Sicily, Italy. It lies at the foot of a 1,233-foot (376-metre) promontory along the Tyrrhenian Sea, east of Palermo city. It originated as the ancient Cephalaedium, which was probably founded as an outpost of the Greek city of Himera and first appeared in history about ...
Ceglie Messapico
town, Puglia (Apulia) regione, southern Italy, northeast of Taranto. It is an agricultural-trading centre and has a medieval castle with cylindrical towers. In the surrounding area are numerous trulli (one-room houses built from local limestone, without the use of mortar, and topped by conical roofs). Pop. (2006 est.) mun., 20,751.
ceiling
the overhead surface or surfaces covering a room, and the underside of a floor or a roof. Ceilings are often used to hide floor and roof construction. They have been favourite places for decoration from the earliest times: either by painting the flat surface, by emphasizing the structural members of ...
ceilometer
device for measuring the height of cloud bases and overall cloud thickness. One important use of the ceilometer is to determine cloud ceilings at airports. The device works day or night by shining an intense beam of light (often produced by an infrared or ultraviolet transmitter or a laser), modulated ...
Cela, Camilo Jose
Spanish writer who won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1989. He is perhaps best known for his novel La familia de Pascual Duarte (1942; The Family of Pascual Duarte) and is considered to have given new life to Spanish literature. His literary production-primarily novels, short narratives, and travel diaries-is ...
celadon
greenish ceramic glaze that is used on stoneware. Celadon is used both for the glaze itself and for the article so glazed. It is particularly valued in China, Korea, Thailand, and Japan.
Celaenae
ancient fortress city of Phrygia (in present Turkey), the starting point of the march of the "Ten Thousand" under Cyrus (401 BC) against Artaxerxes (recounted in Xenophon's Anabasis). In 333 Celaenae was conquered by Alexander the Great. The city was later renamed Apamea Cibotus (q.v.) by Antiochus I Soter, who ...
Celan, Paul
poet who, though he never lived in Germany, gave its post-World War II literature one of its most powerful and regenerative voices. His poetry was influenced stylistically by French Surrealism, and its subject matter by his grief as a Jew.
celandine
any of several distinct flowering plants of similar appearance, mostly members of the poppy family (Papaveraceae). The greater celandine (Chelidonium majus) is native to deciduous woods of Europe and Asia and is grown as a garden wildflower. Once a valued plant of the Old World herbalist for its reputed power ...
Celastraceae
the staff-tree family, in the order Celastrales, comprising about 55 genera of woody vines, shrubs, and trees, native in tropical and temperate zones but best known for ornamental forms of the genera Euonymus and Celastrus (bittersweet). Fruit of the family is often colourful. Leaves are frequently leathery and flowers are ...
Celastrales
small order of flowering plants that includes 3 families, some 100 genera, and about 1,350 species. In the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II (APG II) botanical classification system, Celastrales is placed in the Rosid I clade (see angiosperm).
Celaya
city, south-central Guanajuato estado (state), north-central Mexico. It lies on the north bank of the Laja River in the fertile Bajio region of the Mexican Plateau, 5,774 feet (1,760 metres) above sea level. Founded as Purisima Concepcion de Celaya in 1571, the city played an important role in 19th-century Mexican ...
Celaya, Battle of
(April 1915), decisive military engagement in the wars between revolutionary factions during the Mexican Revoluion of 1910-20. One of the largest and bloodiest battles in Mexican history, it was fought at Celaya, Guanajuato state, between the forces of Alvaro Obregon and Pancho Villa. In the course of the civil wars, ...
Celebes
one of the four Greater Sunda Islands, Indonesia. A curiously shaped island with four distinct peninsulas that form three major gulfs-Tomini (the largest) on the northeast, Tolo on the east, and Bone on the south-Celebes has a coastline of 3,404 miles (5,478 km).
Celebes Sea
sea of the western Pacific Ocean, bordered on the north by the Sulu Archipelago and Sea and Mindanao Island, on the east by the Sangi Islands chain, on the south by Celebes (Sulawesi), and on the west by Borneo. It extends 420 miles (675 km) north-south by 520 miles (837 ...
Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County, The
short story by Mark Twain, first published in a New York periodical, The Saturday Press in 1865.
Celebrating the Centennial of Einstein's Miraculous Year: Year in Review 2006
By his 26th birthday, in 1905, Albert Einstein had not yet obtained his doctorate in physics or obtained an academic teaching position. He had published five papers in the premier German physics journal, Annalen der Physik, but they were relatively undistinguished. Other than perhaps those closest to him-his wife (and ...
celeriac
Type of celery (Apium graveolens, variety rapaceum) grown for its knobby edible root, which is used as a raw or cooked vegetable. Originally cultivated in the Mediterranean and in northern Europe, it was introduced into Britain in the 18th century.
celery
(species Apium graveolens), herb of the family Apiaceae (Umbelliferae). Native to the Mediterranean areas and the Middle East, celery was used as a flavouring by the ancient Greeks and Romans and as a medicine by the ancient Chinese. The ancient forms resembled smallage, or wild celery. Celery with large, fleshy, ...