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Bridgman, Laura Dewey ... Brink, Bernhard ten

Bridgman, Laura Dewey one of the first blind and deaf persons for whom systematic education proved successful. Bridgman, Percy Williams American experimental physicist noted for his studies of materials at high temperatures and pressures. For his work he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1946. Bridgnorth town and former district, administrative and historic county of Shropshire, western England. The Bridgnorth region covers a rural area encompassing many small agricultural villages in the southeastern part of the county. Bridgwater Bristol Channel seaport, Sedgemoor district, administrative and historic county of Somerset, England. The town, which is located in Sedgemoor district, lies to the east of the Quantock Hills, mainly on the right bank of the River Parrett. The first of several charters dates from 1200, and wine and wool fairs ... Bridie, James Scottish playwright whose popular, witty comedies were significant to the revival of the Scottish drama during the 1930s. bridle headgear by which a horse or other burden-bearing or pulling animal is governed, consisting of bit, headstall, and reins. The bit is a horizontal metal bar placed in the animal's mouth and held in place by the headstall, a set of straps over and around the head. Component bits of ... Brie natural region of northern France between the Seine and Marne valleys. It occupies most of Seine-et-Marne departement and parts of adjacent departements. The region was historically divided between the king of France (the Brie Francaise) and the duke of Champagne (the Brie Champenoise) from the 9th to the early 13th ... Brie soft-ripened cow's-milk cheese named for the district in northeastern France in which it is made. brief in law, a document often in the form of a summary or abstract. The term is used primarily in common-law countries, and its exact meaning varies across jurisdictions. Brief Encounter British film drama, released in 1945, that pivots on the subject of forbidden love, as set against the strictures of suburban British life. The film, based on Noel Coward's play Still Life, was one of director David Lean's first great successes. brier term generally applied to any plant with a woody and thorny or prickly stem, such as those of the genera Rosa, Rubus, Smilax, and Erica. White, or tree, heath (E. arborea) is found in southern France and the Mediterranean region. Its roots and knotted stems are used for making briarwood ... Brieux, Eugene French dramatist, one of the leading exponents of the realist drama, whose somewhat didactic works attacked the social evils of his day. brig two-masted sailing ship with square rigging on both masts. Brigs were used for both naval and mercantile purposes. As merchant vessels, they plied mostly coastal trading routes, but oceanic voyages were not uncommon; some brigs were even used for whaling and sealing. Naval brigs carried a battery of 10 to ... brigade a unit in military organization commanded by a brigadier (brigadier general) or colonel and composed of two or more subordinate units, such as regiments or battalions. brigadier general a military rank just above that of colonel. In both the British and U.S. armies of World War I, a brigadier general commanded a brigade. When the British abolished the brigade, they discontinued the rank of brigadier general but revived it as plain brigadier in 1928. In the U.S. and ... Brigadier Gerard (foaled 1968), English racehorse (Thoroughbred) who won all but one of his 18 races in his three-year racing career, winning more than $581,000. He was sired by Queen's Hussar and foaled by La Paiva. John Hislop bred him, his wife owned him, and Major Dick Hern trained him at West ... Brigantes in ancient Britain, a tribe conquered by the Romans during the reign of Antoninus Pius (c. AD 155). The Brigantes occupied the region south of the Antonine Wall, extending to the Humber estuary in the east and to the River Mersey in the west. Their chief city was Isurium (Aldborough) ... brigantine two-masted sailing ship with square rigging on the foremast and fore-and-aft rigging on the mainmast. The term originated with the two-masted ships, also powered by oars, on which pirates, or sea brigands, terrorized the Mediterranean in the 16th century. In northern European waters the brigantine became purely a sailing ship. ... Briggs, Emily Pomona Edson American journalist, one of the first women to acquire a national reputation in the field. Briggs, Henry English mathematician who invented the common, or Briggsian, logarithm. His writings were mainly responsible for the widespread acceptance of logarithms throughout Europe. His innovation was instrumental in easing the burden of mathematicians, astronomers, and other scientists who must make long and tedious calculations. Brigham City city, seat of Box Elder county, near Bear River Bay of Great Salt Lake, northern Utah, U.S., at the foot of the Wasatch Range, 21 miles (34 km) north of Ogden. Settled in 1851 by Mormons, most of whom were immigrants from Denmark, it was named in 1877 for the ... Brigham Young University private, coeducational institution of higher learning in Provo, Utah, U.S. The university is supported by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormon) and has branch campuses in Laie, Hawaii, and Rexburg, Idaho. It is composed of eight colleges, the J. Willard and Alice S. Marriott School of Management, ... Brighella stock character of the Italian commedia dell'arte; a roguish, quick-witted, opportunistic, and sometimes lascivious and cruel figure. Originally one of the comic servants, or zanni, of the commedia, Brighella was a jack-of-all-trades whose loyalty as a soldier, hangman's varlet, assassin, or gentleman's valet could be easily bought. Because of his ... Bright disease inflammation of the structures in the kidney that produce urine: the glomeruli and the nephrons. The glomeruli are small round clusters of capillaries (microscopic blood vessels) that are surrounded by a double-walled capsule, called Bowman's capsule. Bowman's capsule in turn connects with a long tubule. The capsule and attached tubule ... Bright, John British reform politician and orator active in the early Victorian campaigns for free trade and lower grain prices (he was a co-founder of the Anti-Corn Law League), as well as campaigns for parliamentary reform. Bright, Richard British physician who was the first to describe the clinical manifestations of the kidney disorder known as Bright's disease, or nephritis. Bright, Sir Charles Tilston British engineer who superintended the laying of the first Atlantic telegraph cable. bright-cut type of decorative engraving used on metal objects, especially those made of silver. The decorative designs are created by making a series of short cuts into the metal, using a polished engraving tool that causes the exposed surfaces to reflect light and give an impression of brightness. Brightman, Edgar Sheffield U.S. philosopher, educator (Wesleyan University; Boston University), and former director of the National Council on Religion in Higher Education, noted for his empirical argument for theism based on idealism and consciousness. His writings emphasize the personalist psychological values of religious thought. Major works include Introduction to Philosophy (1925), A Philosophy ... brightness in physics, the subjective visual sensation related to the intensity of light emanating from a surface or from a point source (see luminous intensity). Brighton town, unitary authority of Brighton and Hove, historic county of Sussex, England. It is a seaside resort on the English Channel, 51 miles (82 km) south of London. Brighton spreads over the steep chalk slopes of the South Downs to the north; to the east it is fronted by chalk ... Brighton city, seat (1902) of Adams county (and lying partially within Weld county), north-central Colorado, U.S., on the South Platte River. Originally a rest stop on a fur-trading trail between Fort Bent and Fort Laramie, Wyoming, the town developed (in the late 1860s) at the junction of the Denver Pacific and ... Brighton and Hove unitary authority, geographic county of East Sussex, historic county of Sussex, southeastern England. It is located on the English Channel 51 miles (82 km) south of London, with which it is closely linked by rail and superhighway. The unitary authority, which is the largest in population on the south coast ... Brighton Rock novel of sin and redemption by Graham Greene, published in 1938. Brigit in Celtic religion, ancient goddess of the poetic arts, crafts, prophecy, and divination; she was the equivalent of the Roman goddess Minerva (Greek Athena). In Ireland this Brigit was one of three goddesses of the same name, daughters of the Dagda, the great god of that country. Her two sisters ... Brigit of Ireland, Saint virgin and abbess of Kildare, one of the patron saints of Ireland. Brihaspati in Vedic mythology, the preceptor of the gods, the master of sacred wisdom, charms, hymns, and rites, and the sage counselor of Indra in his war against the titans, or asuras. As such, Brihaspati is the heavenly prototype of the caste of Brahmans and, most particularly, of the earthly purohita, ... Brikama town, western Gambia, on the road from Banjul (formerly Bathurst) to Mansa Konko. An agricultural trade centre (peanuts [groundnuts], palm oil, and kernels) among the Muslim Malinke (Mandingo) and Dyola (Diola or Jola) peoples, it is also the focus for the country's incipient forest industry (teak and gmelina). There is ... Brill, Paul Flemish artist who was perhaps the most popular painter of landscapes in Rome in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. His early forest landscapes derive in style partly from Mannerism, but after 1600 he disciplined and simplified his compositions under the influence of the German painter Adam Elsheimer. His ... Brillat-Savarin, Anthelme French lawyer, politician, and author of a celebrated work on gastronomy, Physiologie du gout ("The Physiology of Taste"). brilliant cut method of faceting a diamond to take best advantage of the optical properties of the stone and produce a finished gem with the maximum fire and brilliancy. It is the most popular style of faceting for diamonds. A brilliant-cut stone is round in plan view and has 58 facets, 33 ... brilliant green a triphenylmethane dye of the malachite-green series (see malachite green) used in dilute solution as a topical antiseptic. Brilliant green is effective against gram-positive microorganisms. It has also been used to dye silk and wool. It occurs as small, shiny, golden crystals soluble in water or alcohol. Brin, Sergey American computer scientist and entrepreneur who created, along with Larry Page, the online search engine Google, one of the most successful sites on the Internet. Brindisi city, Puglia (Apulia) regione, southeastern Italy, on the Adriatic coast between the arms of a Y-shaped sea inlet that admits oceangoing ships, southeast of Bari. Brindley, James pioneer canal builder, who constructed the first English canal of major economic importance. brine salt water, particularly a highly concentrated water solution of common salt (sodium chloride). Natural brines occur underground, in salt lakes, or as seawater and are commercially important sources of common salt and other salts, such as chlorides and sulfates of magnesium and potassium. brine shrimp (genus Artemia), any of several small crustaceans of the order Anostraca (class Branchiopoda) inhabiting brine pools and other highly saline inland waters throughout the world. Artemia salina, the species that occurs in vast numbers in Great Salt Lake, Utah, is of commercial importance. Young brine shrimp hatched there from dried ... Brinell, Johan August Swedish metallurgist who devised the Brinell hardness test, a rapid, nondestructive means of determining the hardness of metals. Bringing Up Baby American screwball comedy film, released in 1938, that is widely considered a classic of its genre. Brink, Andre Philippus South African writer whose novels, which he wrote in Afrikaans and English versions, often criticized the South African government. Brink, Bernhard ten scholar whose research stimulated a revival of British and German study of Geoffrey Chaucer's works.