A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

U

V

W

X

Y

Z

0-9

accused, rights of ... Achinsk

accused, rights of in law, the rights and privileges of a person accused of a crime, guaranteeing him a fair trial. These rights were initially (generally from the 18th century on) confined primarily to the actual trial itself, but in the second half of the 20th century many countries began to extend them ... Ace, Goodman American radio writer and performer and producer-writer for television, whose literate writing, wry humour, and relaxed style influenced numerous radio and television writers from the 1930s on. Aceh autonomous daerah istimewa (special district) of Indonesia, with the status of propinsi (or provinsi; province), forming the northern extremity of the island of Sumatra. Aceh is surrounded by water on three sides: the Indian Ocean to the west and north and the Strait of Malacca to the east. Its boundary ... Acehnese one of the main ethnic groups on the island of Sumatra, Indonesia. They were estimated to number roughly 4.2 million in the early 21st century. They speak a language of the Austronesian (Malayo-Polynesian) family. Acehnese War (1873-1904), an armed conflict between the Netherlands and the Muslim sultanate of Aceh (also spelled Acheh, or Atjeh) in northern Sumatra that resulted in Dutch conquest of the Acehnese and, ultimately, in Dutch domination of the entire region. In 1871 the Netherlands and Britain had signed a treaty that recognized ... acervulus an open, saucer-shaped asexual fruiting body found in fungi (kingdom Fungi). Always developed below the epidermis of the host tissue, it bears conidiophores (specialized filaments, or hyphae) that form conidia (spores). Acestes in Greek mythology, legendary king of Segesta (Greek Egesta) in Sicily. His mother, Egesta, had been sent from Troy by her parents to save her from being devoured by a sea serpent. Going to Sicily she met the river god Crimisus, by whom she became the mother of Acestes. Acetabularia genus of one-celled, umbrella-like green algae found in subtropical seas, called the "mermaid's wine glass." At the top of the tall, slender stalk, 0.5 to 10 cm (0.2 to 3.9 inches) long, is a ring of branches that may be separate or fused to form a cap. Near the base ... acetaldehyde an aldehyde used as a starting material in the synthesis of 1-butanol (n-butyl alcohol), ethyl acetate, perfumes, flavourings, aniline dyes, plastics, synthetic rubber, and other chemical compounds. It has been manufactured by the hydration of acetylene and by the oxidation of ethanol (ethyl alcohol). Today the dominant process for the ... acetaminophen drug used in the treatment of mild pain, such as headache and pain in joints and muscles, and to reduce fever. It is formed in the body as a metabolite of acetanilid or phenacetin, which were once commonly used drugs, and is responsible for their analgesic effects. Acetaminophen relieves pain ... acetanilide synthetic organic compound introduced in therapy in 1886 as a fever-reducing drug. Its effectiveness in relieving pain was discovered soon thereafter, and it was used as an alternative to aspirin for many years in treating such common complaints as headache, menstrual cramps, and rheumatism. Excessive or prolonged use engenders toxic ... acetic acid the most important of the carboxylic acids. A dilute (approximately 5 percent by volume) solution of acetic acid produced by fermentation and oxidation of natural carbohydrates is called vinegar; a salt, ester, or acylal of acetic acid is called acetate. Industrially, acetic acid is used in the preparation of metal ... acetone organic solvent of industrial and chemical significance, the simplest and most important of the aliphatic (fat-derived) ketones. Pure acetone is a colourless, somewhat aromatic, flammable, mobile liquid that boils at 56.2 C (133 F). acetophenone an organic compound used as an ingredient in perfumes and as a chemical intermediate in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, resins, flavouring agents, and a form of tear gas. It also has been used as a drug to induce sleep. acetylcholine (ACh), an ester of choline and acetic acid that is the transmitter substance at many neural, or nerve, synapses and at the motor end plate of vertebrate muscles (see end-plate potential). When a nerve impulse arrives at the nerve ending, ACh, which is stored there in vesicles, is released and ... acetylene the simplest and best-known member of the hydrocarbon series containing one or more pairs of carbon atoms linked by triple bonds, called the acetylenic series, or alkynes. It is a colourless, inflammable gas widely used as a fuel in oxyacetylene welding and cutting of metals and as raw material in ... Acevedo Diaz, Eduardo writer and politician, considered Uruguay's first novelist. acey-deucey dice board game, a variant of backgammon, much played in the U.S. Navy, Marine Corps, and merchant marine. For the basic play of the game, see backgammon. Achaea nomos (department) and historic region of Greece on the north coast of the Peloponnese (Modern Greek: Peloponnisos), south of the Gulf of Corinth (Korinthiakos). In ancient times it was bounded on the west by Elis (modern Ilia), on the south by Mount Erymanthus and Arcadia (Arkadia), and on the east ... Achaean any of the ancient Greek people, identified in Homer, along with the Danaoi and the Argeioi, as the Greeks who besieged Troy. Their area as described by Homer-the mainland and western isles of Greece, Crete, Rhodes, and adjacent isles, except the Cyclades-is precisely that covered by the activities of the ... Achaean League 3rd-century-BC confederation of the towns of Achaea in ancient Greece. The 12 Achaean cities of the northern Peloponnese had organized a league by the 4th century BC to protect themselves against piratical raids from across the Corinthian Gulf, but this league fell apart after the death of Alexander the Great. ... Achaemenes son of the Achaemenid king Darius I of Persia. Achaemenes eponymous ancestor of the Persian Achaemenid dynasty; he was the father of Teispes (Chishpish) and an ancestor of Cyrus II the Great and Darius I the Great. Although Achaemenes probably ruled only Parsumash, a vassal state of the kingdom of Media, many scholars believe that he led armies from Parsumash ... Achaemenian Dynasty (559-330 BC), ancient Iranian dynasty whose kings founded and ruled the Achaemenian Empire. Achaemenes (Persian Hakhamanish), the Achaemenians' eponymous ancestor, is presumed to have lived early in the 7th century BC, but little is known of his life. From his son Teispes two lines of kings descended. The kings of ... Achaemenid Dynasty the Persian 27th dynasty of Egypt (525-404 BC), founded by Cambyses II of Persia and named after his family of the Achaemenids. Achagua South American Indian people of Venezuela and eastern Colombia. They speak a language of the Maipurean Arawakan group. Traditionally, the Achagua had typical tropical-forest economies, living in large villages and growing bitter cassava and other crops. The Achagua were warlike; they were one of the few native South American people ... Acharnians earliest of the extant comedies of Aristophanes, produced in 425 BCE. It is a forthright attack on the folly of war. Its farmer-hero, Dicaeopolis, is tired of the Peloponnesian War and therefore secures a private peace treaty with the Spartans for himself in spite of the violent opposition of a ... Achatz, Grant American chef whose culinary innovations made him a leader in the cuisine inspired by molecular gastronomy. Ache nomadic South American Indian people living in eastern Paraguay. The Ache speak a Tupian dialect of the Tupi-Guaranian language family. They live in the densely forested, hilly region between the Paraguay and Parana rivers. In pre-Spanish times, the Ache lived a more settled, agricultural life in a less harsh environment, ... Acheampong, Ignatius Kutu Ghanaian army officer, who, after leading a military revolt that overthrew the government of Kofi Busia, became Ghana's chief of state in 1972. In July 1978 he was forced to resign, and the following June he and his successor, Lieut. Gen. F.W.K. Akuffo, were executed after a coup led by ... Achebe, Chinua prominent Igbo (Ibo) novelist acclaimed for his unsentimental depictions of the social and psychological disorientation accompanying the imposition of Western customs and values upon traditional African society. His particular concern was with emergent Africa at its moments of crisis; his novels range in subject matter from the first contact of ... Achelous River one of the longest rivers in Greece, rising in the Pindus (Modern Greek: Pindos) Mountains of central Epirus (Ipeiros) and dividing Aetolia from Acarnania. It empties into the Ionian Sea (Iovio Pelagos) after a course of 140 miles (220 km), mostly through gorges. Well above Agrinion two hydroelectric dams were ... Achenbach, Andreas landscape painter, a pioneer of the German realist school. He studied at the Dusseldorf academy under Johann Wilhelm Schirmer, but emancipated himself from the contemporary school of landscapists that delighted in the representation of romantic scenery. He was the first artist of the Dusseldorf school to paint nature for its ... Achenbach, Oswald landscape painter of the Dusseldorf school who is distinguished for his colourful renderings of the Bay of Naples, of Rome, and of Venice. He broke away from the traditional classicist interpretation of these scenes and revelled in strong and glowing colour effects. His more famous brother, Andreas, influenced his work. achene dry, one-seeded fruit lacking special seams that split to release the seed. The seed coat is attached to the thin, dry ovary wall (husk) by a short stalk, so that the seed is easily freed from the husk, as in buckwheat. The fruits of many plants in the buttercup family ... Acheng former city, central Heilongjiang sheng (province), far northeastern China. In 2006 it was incorporated into the city of Harbin, and it became a southeastern district of that city. Achernar brightest star in the constellation Eridanus and the ninth brightest star in the sky. Achernar (Arabic for "end of the river") is 144 light-years from Earth. It is a binary star with a B-type star, Achernar A, as its primary and a much fainter A-type star, Achernar B, orbiting the ... Acheron river in Thesprotia in Epirus, Greece, that was thought in ancient times to go to Hades because it flowed through dark gorges and went underground in several places; an oracle of the dead was located on its bank. In Greek mythology it is a river in Hades, and the name ... Acheson, Dean U.S. secretary of state (1949-53) and adviser to four presidents, who became the principal creator of U.S. foreign policy in the Cold War period following World War II; he helped to create the Western alliance in opposition to the Soviet Union and other communist nations. Acheson, Edward Goodrich American inventor who discovered the abrasive Carborundum and perfected a method for making graphite. Acheson, Lila Bell American publisher and philanthropist who, with her husband, DeWitt Wallace, created and published Reader's Digest, one of the most widely circulated magazines in the world. Acheulean industry first standardized tradition of toolmaking of Homo erectus and early Homo sapiens. Named for the type site, Saint-Acheul, in Somme departement, in northern France, Acheulean tools were made of stone with good fracture characteristics, including chalcedony, jasper, and flint; in regions lacking these, quartzite might be used. During the Acheulean ... Achill Island mountainous island off the west coast of Ireland. It is part of County Mayo, joined to the mainland by a bridge across Achill Sound. The island is Ireland's largest, with an area of 56 square miles (145 square km), and its highest points are the quartzite peaks of Slieve Croaghaun ... Achille Lauro hijacking hijacking of the Italian cruise ship the MS Achille Lauro on Oct. 7, 1985, by four Palestinian militants associated with a faction of the Palestine Liberation Front (PLF). Achilles in Greek mythology, son of the mortal Peleus, king of the Myrmidons, and the Nereid, or sea nymph, Thetis. He was the bravest, handsomest, and greatest warrior of the army of Agamemnon in the Trojan War. According to Homer, Achilles was brought up by his mother at Phthia with his ... Achilles Painter Athenian vase painter known by and named for an amphora attributed to him with a painting of "Achilles and Briseis." The amphora is now in the Vatican Museums. His period of activity coincides with the Parthenon sculptures and with the administration of Pericles. Achilles paradox in logic, an argument attributed to the 5th-century BC Greek philosopher Zeno, and one of his four paradoxes described by Aristotle in the treatise Physics. The paradox concerns a race between the fleet-footed Achilles and a slow-moving tortoise. The two start moving at the same moment, but if the tortoise ... Achilles Tatius author of Leucippe and Cleitophon, one of the Greek prose romances that influenced the development of the novel centuries later. Nothing certain is known of Achilles' life. Some Byzantine sources called him a rhetor ("teacher of rhetoric"). In the Suda lexicon of the 10th century AD, he is described as ... Achilles tendon strong tendon at the back of the heel that connects the calf muscles to the heel. The tendon is formed from the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles (the calf muscles) and is inserted into the heel bone. The contracting calf muscles lift the heel by this tendon, thus producing a foot ... Achillini, Alessandro Italian philosopher and physician, an advocate of the teachings of William of Ockham. Achinsk city, Krasnoyarsk kray (region), south-central Russia. It lies along the Chulym River, which is a tributary of the Ob. It was founded in 1621 and chartered in 1782. Important as a river-road transfer point until rail lines were constructed, it gained economic importance when an alumina plant was put into ...