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Americanization ... Amin, Hafizullah

Americanization in the early 20th century, activities that were designed to prepare foreign-born residents of the United States for full participation in citizenship. It aimed not only at the achievement of naturalization but also at an understanding of and commitment to principles of American life and work. Americanization of Emily, The American comedy-drama film, released in 1964, that was noted for Paddy Chayefsky's biting script about the absurdities of war. Americans for Democratic Action a liberal independent political organization in the United States. It was formed in 1947 by a group of labour leaders, civic and political leaders, and academics who were liberal in their views on national affairs, internationalist in world outlook, and anticommunist in conviction. The ADA is devoted to the propagation ... Americans with Disabilities Act U.S. legislation that provided civil rights protections to individuals with physical and mental disabilities and guaranteed them equal opportunity in public accommodations, employment, transportation, state and local government services, and telecommunications. The act, which defined disability as a "physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more of the ... Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA): Year in Review 1994 By all odds it was not the biggest liability case in legal history, but the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) suit against Chicago-based AIC Security Investigations, Ltd., and its owner, Ruth Vrdolyak, was watched with consuming interest by the U.S. business community; it was the first case brought to trial ... Americas the two continents, North and South America, of the Western Hemisphere. The climatic zones of the two continents are quite different. In North America, subarctic climate prevails in the north, gradually warming southward and finally becoming tropical near the southern isthmus. In South America, the climate in the north is ... Americas, pony of the riding-pony breed used as a child's mount, developed in the United States in the 1950s by crossing ponies with Appaloosa horses. To qualify for registration with the Pony of the Americas Club, a pony must have the dappled Appaloosa patterning and measure from 11.2 to 13.2 hands (46 to 54 ... americium synthetic chemical element (atomic number 95) of the actinoid series of the periodic table. Undetected in nature, americium (as the isotope americium-241) was artificially produced from plutonium-239 (atomic number 94) in 1944 by Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Leon O. Morgan, and Albert Ghiorso in a nuclear reactor. It ... AmeriCorps U.S. federal program that supports voluntary service in the areas of health, the environment, education, and public safety. It was created by the National and Community Service Trust Act of 1993, which also established the Corporation for National and Community Service, an independent federal agency designed to oversee and support ... Americus city, seat (1831) of Sumter county, southwest-central Georgia, U.S., on Muckalee Creek, 35 miles (55 km) north of Albany. Founded in 1830, it was named for the Italian explorer and navigator Amerigo Vespucci or, legend says, for the "merry cusses" who were its first settlers. To the northeast is Andersonville, ... Amerika unfinished novel by Franz Kafka, written between 1912 and 1914 and prepared for publication by Max Brod in 1927, three years after the author's death. The manuscript was entitled Der Verschollene ("The Lost One"). Kafka had published the first chapter separately under the title Der Heizer ("The Stoker") in 1913. Amersfoort gemeente (municipality), central Netherlands, on the Eem (formerly Amer) River. The site (the name means "ford on the Amer") was fortified in the 12th century. Its medieval street pattern and some old walls remain, as does the Koppelpoort (a water gate dating from about 1400 and spanning the Eem). Landmarks ... Amersham town (parish), Chiltern district, administrative and historic county of Buckinghamshire, England, in the Misbourn River valley. The wide High Street of the old town is flanked by half-timbered coaching inns, Georgian houses, and a 17th-century town hall. The parish church of St. Mary dates from the 14th century. Amersham lies ... Amery Ice Shelf large body of floating ice, in an indentation in the Indian Ocean coastline of Antarctica, west of the American Highland. It extends inland from Prydz and MacKenzie bays more than 200 miles (320 km) to where it is fed by the Lambert Glacier. The region in which the ice shelf ... Amery, L.S. British politician who was a persistent advocate of imperial preference and tariff reform and did much for colonial territories. He is also remembered for his part in bringing about the fall of the government of Neville Chamberlain in 1940. Ames city, Story county, central Iowa, U.S., on the South Skunk River, about 30 miles (50 km) north of Des Moines. It was laid out in 1865 and was originally called College Farm but was renamed the following year for Oakes Ames, a railroad financier and Massachusetts congressman. The railroad, which ... Ames, Aldrich American official of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) who was entrusted with discovering Soviet spies, and who himself became one of the most successful double agents for the Soviet Union and Russia. Ames, Fisher American essayist and Federalist politician of the 1790s who was an archopponent of Jeffersonian democracy. Ames, Jessie Daniel American suffragist and civil rights activist who worked successfully to combat lynching in the southern United States. Ames, Leslie one of the outstanding all-round English cricketers. Ames, Oakes leading figure in the Credit Mobilier scandal following the U.S. Civil War. Ames, William English Puritan theologian remembered for his writings on ethics and for debating and writing in favour of strict Calvinism in opposition to Arminianism. Ames, Winthrop American theatrical producer, manager, director, and occasional playwright known for some of the finest productions of plays in the United States during the first three decades of the 20th century. Amesbury town ("parish"), administrative and historic county of Wiltshire, Eng., in the valley of the River Avon. It is rich in prehistoric remains, including Stonehenge, 1.5 miles (2.5 km) west, the greatest surviving megalithic structure in the British Isles. At Amesbury (Ambresbyrig, or Ambresbery) a Witan, or Witenagemot, the Anglo-Saxon kings' ... Amesbury town (township), Essex county, northeastern corner of Massachusetts, U.S. It lies on the Merrimack River at the New Hampshire border. Settled in 1642 as part of Salisbury, it was named for Amesbury, England, became a separate precinct in 1654, and was incorporated as a township in 1668. In 1693 the ... amesha spenta in Zoroastrianism, any of the six divine beings or archangels created by Ahura Mazda, the Wise Lord, to help govern creation. Three are male, three female. Ministers of his power against the evil spirit, Ahriman, they are depicted clustered about Ahura Mazda on golden thrones attended by angels. They are ... amethyst a transparent, coarse-grained variety of the silica mineral quartz that is valued as a semiprecious gem for its violet colour. Its physical properties are those of quartz, but it contains more iron oxide (Fe2O3) than any other variety of quartz, and experts believe that its colour arises from its iron ... Ameura genus of trilobites (extinct arthropods) found as fossils in North America rocks dating from the Late Carboniferous to the Late Permian Period (from 318 million to 251 million years ago). Ameura is characterized by a well-developed cephalon (head) and a long pygidium (tail region) that includes many segments of the ... Amhara people of the Ethiopian central highlands. The Amhara are one of the two largest ethnolinguistic groups in Ethiopia (the other group being the Oromo). They constitute almost one-third of the country's population. The Amharic language is an Afro-Asiatic language belonging to the Southwest Semitic group. It is related to Ge'ez, ... Amhara Plateau montane region of northern and central Ethiopia, the historical home of the Amhara and Tigre peoples. Itself a part of the larger Ethiopian Plateau, it is composed, north to south, of the Tigray Plateau, centred on the city of Aksum; the Simien Mountains, northeast of Gonder; the Gojam Massif, east ... Amharic language one of the two main languages of Ethiopia (along with the Oromo language). It is spoken principally in the central highlands of the country. Amharic is an Afro-Asiatic language of the Southwest Semitic group and is related to Ge'ez, or Ethiopic, the liturgical language of the Ethiopian Orthodox church; it ... Amherst town (township), Hampshire county, west-central Massachusetts, U.S. It lies in the Connecticut River valley just northeast of Northampton. It includes the communities of North Amherst, Amherst, and South Amherst. The town of Hadley adjoins it on the west. Settled as part of Hadley in the 1730s, Amherst was recognized in ... Amherst College private, independent liberal-arts college for men and women in Amherst, Massachusetts, U.S., established in 1821 and chartered in 1825. The lexicographer Noah Webster was one of the founders of the college, which was originally intended to train indigent men for the ministry. It offers flexible programs of study in which ... Amherst, Jeffery Amherst, 1st Baron army commander who captured Canada for Great Britain (1758-60) during the French and Indian War (1754-63). Amherst, Mass., and several other American and Canadian places are named for him. Amherst, William Pitt Amherst, lst Earl, Viscount Holmesdale, Baron Amherst Of Montreal diplomat who, as British governor-general of India (1823-28), played a central role in the acquisition of Asian territory for the British Empire after the First Burmese War (1824-26). Amhurst, Nicholas satirical poet, political pamphleteer on behalf of the Whigs, and editor of The Craftsman, a political journal of unprecedented popularity that was hostile to the Whig government of Sir Robert Walpole. Ami most numerous indigenous ethnic group on the island of Taiwan, numbering more than 124,000 in the late 20th century and located in the fertile but relatively inaccessible southeastern hilly region and along the eastern coastal plain. Of Malay stock, they speak three dialects of an Indonesian-related language, also called Ami. ... amice (derived from Latin amictus, "wrapped around"), liturgical vestment worn under the alb. It is a rectangular piece of white linen held around the neck and shoulders by two bands tied at the waist. Probably derived from a scarf worn by the secular classes, it first appeared as a liturgical garment ... Amichai, Yehuda Israeli writer who is best known for his poetry. Amici, Giovanni Battista astronomer and optician who made important improvements in the mirrors of reflecting telescopes and also developed prisms for use in refracting spectroscopes (instruments used to separate light into its spectral components). amicus curiae (Latin: "friend of the court"), one who assists the court by furnishing information or advice regarding questions of law or fact. He is not a party to a lawsuit and thus differs from an intervenor, who has a direct interest in the outcome of the lawsuit and is therefore permitted ... amidah in Judaism, the main section of morning, afternoon, and evening prayers, recited while standing up. On weekdays the amidah consists of 19 benedictions. These include 3 paragraphs of praise, 13 of petition, and another 3 of thanksgiving. Some call this section of the daily prayer by the ancient name, shemone ... amide any member of either of two classes of nitrogen-containing compounds related to ammonia and amines. The covalent amides are neutral or very weakly acidic substances formed by replacement of the hydroxyl group (OH) of an acid by an amino group (NR2, in which R may represent a hydrogen atom or ... Amidism sect of Mahayana Buddhism centring on worship of Amida (in Japanese; Sanskrit Amitabha; Chinese O-mi-t'o-fo), Buddha (Buddha of Infinite Light), whose merits can be transferred to a believer. Amidism holds that the faithful-by believing in Amida, hearing or saying his name, or desiring to share in his Western Paradise-can be ... Amiel, Henri Frederic Swiss writer known for his Journal intime, a masterpiece of self-analysis. Despite apparent success (as professor of aesthetics, then of philosophy, at Geneva), he felt himself a failure. Driven in on himself, he lived in his Journal, kept from 1847 until his death and first published in part as Fragments ... Amiens city, capital of Somme departement, Picardie region, principal city and ancient capital of Picardy, northern France, in the Somme River valley, north of Paris. Famed since the European Middle Ages are its textile industry and its great Gothic Cathedral of Notre-Dame, one of the finest in France. Known as Samarobriva ... Amiens Cathedral Gothic cathedral located in the historic city of Amiens, France, in the Somme River valley north of Paris. It is the largest of the three great Gothic cathedrals built in France during the 13th century, and it remains the largest in France. It has an exterior length of 476 feet ... Amiens, Treaty of (March 27, 1802), an agreement signed at Amiens, Fr., by Britain, France, Spain, and the Batavian Republic (the Netherlands), achieving a peace in Europe for 14 months during the Napoleonic Wars. It ignored some questions that divided Britain and France, such as the fate of the Belgian provinces, Savoy, and ... Amili, Baha' ad-din Muhammad ibn Husayn, al- theologian, mathematician, jurist, and astronomer who was a major figure in the cultural revival of Safavid Iran. Amin, al- sixth caliph of the 'Abbasid dynasty. Amin, Hafizullah leftist politician who briefly served as the president of Afghanistan in 1979.