extinct giant sea turtle known from fossilized remains found in North American rocks of the Late Cretaceous epoch (100 million to 66 million years ago). Archelon, protected by a shell similar to that found in modern sea turtles, reached a length of about 3.5 m (12 feet). The front feet ...
(from the article "digestive system, human") ...embryo converts the initially single-layered embryo into a two-layered one, a process called gastrulation. The new inner layer of cells, called endoderm (sometimes entoderm), surrounds a cavity, the archenteron, which has an opening to the exterior at the point at which invagination occurred; this opening is called the blastopore. The ...
(from the article "Woertz, Patricia A.") American businesswoman who was named president and CEO of the agricultural processing corporation Archer Daniels Midland Co. (ADM) in 2006.
any of six species of Indo-Pacific fishes of the family Toxotidae (order Perciformes) noted for their ability to knock their insect prey off overhanging vegetation by "shooting" it with drops of water expelled from their mouths. The insect falls into the water, where it can be eaten by the fish. ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "1971: Other Winners") ...Screenplay: Paddy Chayefsky for The HospitalAdapted Screenplay: Ernest Tidyman for The French ConnectionCinematography: Oswald Morris for Fiddler on the RoofArt Direction: Ernest Archer, John Box, Jack Maxsted, Gil Parrondo for Nicholas and AlexandraOriginal Dramatic Score: Michel Legrand for Summer of...
(from the article "Martha's Vineyard") ...coastline is characterized by numerous inlets and ponds sealed by sand spits from the sea. It was probably sighted by many early navigators but was first recorded in 1602 by Bartholomew Gosnold and Gabriel Archer; the two explorers named it for its many vines and for Martha, Gosnold's daughter. Purchased ...
(from the article "Macdonald, Ross") ...and The Three Roads (1948). Under the name John Macdonald he wrote The Moving Target (1949; reissued in 1966 as Harper), in which he introduces the shrewd private investigator Lew Archer. Macdonald then assumed the pen name John Ross Macdonald for such Lew Archer mysteries as The Way Some People ...
(from the article "Riversleigh fossils") ...is an isolated area about 140 miles (225 km) northwest of the city of Mount Isa. The fossils are found in limestone rock outcrops near the Gregory River. Since the Australian paleontologist Michael Archer began intensive explorations of the area in 1983, Riversleigh has yielded the remains of more than ...
British architect and practitioner of what was, for England, an extraordinarily extravagant Baroque style, marked by lavish curves, large scale, and bold detail.
Canadian composer (b. April 24, 1913, Montreal, Que.-d. Feb. 21, 2000, Ottawa, Ont.), was an accomplished musician whose large body of work encompassed a variety of genres. She was also a highly regarded musical educator. After studying composition at McGill University, Montreal, and Yale University, Archer began a long teaching ...
ancient Greek sculptor from the island of Chios who was known for his treatment of draped female figures. Associated with his father, Micciades, and his sons Bupalus and Athenis, Archermus executed his works in native marble and is said to have been the first sculptor to represent Victory and Love ...
(from the article "Powell, Michael") ...of a long, stimulating partnership; after the success of their next two collaborations, Contraband (1940) and 49th Parallel (U.S., The Invaders, 1941) they formed (1942) The Archers, a joint production company, and shared equal writing, producing, and directing credits for its 14 films.Pressburger
desert area of sandstone formations in eastern Utah, U.S., on the Colorado River just north of Moab and northeast of Canyonlands National Park. Established as a national monument in 1929 and as a national park in 1971, it has an area of 120 square miles (310 square km).
(from the article "cookbook") ...such as stuffed vine leaves and several varieties of cheesecake. Athenaeus was by no means the earliest Greek writer on cooking; he mentions more than 20 authors who preceded him, one of whom, Archestratus, produced his masterpiece, Hedypatheia ("Pleasant Living"), in 350 BC.
(from Greek archetypos, "original pattern"), in literary criticism, a primordial image, character, or pattern of circumstances that recurs throughout literature and thought consistently enough to be considered a universal concept or situation. [11 Related Articles]
(from the article "Caucasian languages") This language group includes Lezgi (with 240,000 speakers in Dagestan and about 170,000 in Azerbaijan); Tabasaran (about 90,000); Agul (about 12,000); Rutul (about 15,000); Tsakhur (about 11,000); Archi (fewer than 1,000); Kryz (about 6,000); Budukh (about 2,000); Khinalug (about 1,500); and Udi (about 3,700). The majority of Lezgi languages are ...
(from the article "annelid") ...or calcareous; size, minute to 50 cm; examples of genera: Sabella, Eudistylia, Serpula, Hydroides.Minute, primitive, with ciliated epidermis; prostomium small, with or without appendages; parapodia absent; septa reduced or absent; size, minute. Contains 4...
(from the article "Syracuse") Syracuse was settled about 734 BC by Corinthians led by the aristocrat Archias, and the city soon dominated the coastal plain and hill country beyond. The original Greek settlers of the city formed an elite (gamoroi), while the Sicel natives (Siculi) worked the land as an oppressed class. In the ...
ancient Greek poet who came to Rome, where he was charged in 62 BC with having illegally assumed the rights of a Roman citizen. He was defended by Cicero in the speech known as Pro Archia, but the issue of the trial is unknown. A number of epigrams in the ...
(from the article "nervous system") The cerebellum originated as a specialized part of the acoustico-lateralis area. The oldest part of the cerebellum-the archicerebellum-is concerned with equilibrium and connected with the inner ear and the lateral-line system. The anterior lobe of the cerebellum represents the paleocerebellum, an area that regulates equilibrium and muscle tone; it constitutes ...
(from the article "ancient Greek civilization") Sparta's invasion of Attica set the tone of the first half of the Archidamian War (431-421), named after the Spartan king Archidamus II, unfairly in view of the wariness he is said to have expressed at the outset. Athens moved its flocks from Attica across to Euboea, whose economic importance ...
12th king of Sparta of the Eurypontid line. The son of Anaxidamus, he ruled shortly after the close of the second Messenian War (c. 660 BC) and toward the outset of the long war between Sparta and Tegea (the Tegean War). His reign was described by the geographer Pausanias as ...
king of Sparta, son of Eudamidas I, grandson of Archidamus III. The dates of his accession and death are unknown. In 294 BC he was defeated by Demetrius I Poliorcetes of Macedonia in a battle at Mantinea, and Sparta was saved only because Demetrius I was called away by the ...
27th Spartan king of the Eurypontids, son of Eudamidas II, grandson of Archidamus IV. He fled to Messenia after the murder of his brother Agis IV in 241 BC. In 227 he was recalled by Cleomenes III, who was then reigning without a colleague, but shortly after his return Archidamus ...
(from the article "bryophyte") ...genera and more than 10,000 species. The classification within this subclass remains controversial, with genera variously placed in 15 or more orders.Sporophyte with no seta; sporangia containing a restricted number of large spores (sometimes 4), lacking columella, opening by decomposition of the jacket;...
(from the article "bryophyte") ...by decomposition of the jacket; gametophore small, leaves with midrib; attached to substratum by rhizoids; of scattered distribution in temperate to subtropical climates; 1 order, a single genus, Archidium, with approximately 26...
poet and soldier, the earliest Greek writer of iambic, elegiac, and personal lyric poetry whose works have survived to any considerable extent. The surviving fragments of his work show him to have been a metrical innovator of the highest ability. [6 Related Articles]
the most famous mathematician and inventor of ancient Greece. Archimedes is especially important for his discovery of the relation between the surface and volume of a sphere and its circumscribing cyclinder. He is known for his formulation of a hydrostatic principle (known as Archimedes' principle) and a device for raising ... [16 Related Articles]
machine for raising water, allegedly invented by the ancient Greek scientist Archimedes for removing water from the hold of a large ship. One form consists of a circular pipe enclosing a helix and inclined at an angle of about 45 degrees to the horizontal with its lower end dipped in ... [3 Related Articles]
(from the article "Trisecting the Angle: Archimedes' Method") Euclid's insistence (c. 300 BC) on using only unmarked straightedge and compass for geometric constructions did not inhibit the imagination of his successors. Archimedes (c. 285-212/211 BC) made use of neusis (the sliding and maneuvering of a measured length, or marked straightedge) to solve one of the ...
physical law of buoyancy, discovered by the ancient Greek mathematician and inventor Archimedes, stating that any body completely or partially submerged in a fluid (gas or liquid) at rest is acted upon by an upward, or buoyant, force the magnitude of which is equal to the weight of the fluid ... [4 Related Articles]
(from the article "mathematics") ...be linked together so that the ratio of the motions of the parts could be knowable. This restriction excluded "mechanical" curves generated by kinematic processes. The Archimedean spiral, for example, was generated by a point moving on a line as the line rotated uniformly about the origin. The ratio of ...
(from the article "Ahmadu Seku") ...France most-favoured-nation status. After the advance of the French to Kita and Bamako, he abandoned Segu as his capital and accepted a French protectorate (Treaty of Gouri, May 12, 1887). But Col. Louis Archinard took the offensive against him in 1888 and by 1891 had seized most of his strongholds.
ancestral vertebrate kidney, retained by larvae of hagfish and of some caecilians and occurring in the embryos of higher animals. Two tubes, the archinephric, or Wolffian, ducts, extend between the body cavity and the back and lead to the exterior. A series of tubules, one pair for each body segment, ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "nervous system") ...but in birds and primates in which sense of smell is less important the lobes are reduced in extent. In amphibians the hemispheres consist of three parts: the paleopallium (olfactory lobe), archipallium, and basal nuclei. All three areas receive olfactory stimuli and discharge impulses to the brain stem. The archipallium ...
layers of volcanic rock that form a fanlike slope around groups of ancient or recent islands, most commonly in the central and southern Pacific Ocean. The aprons typically have a slope of 1° to 2°, with the slope decreasing near the shore; the upper parts may be indented by deep-sea ...
(from the article "Economic Affairs") The NYSE announced on April 20 that it planned to acquire electronic trading platform Archipelago to form the world's largest securities market and become a publicly traded entity in its own right. The deal would have awarded the exchange's 1,366 seatholders $300,000 in cash for their seats plus 70% of ...
(from the article "linguistics") ...the section on Phonology under Structural linguistics. They are closer to what many American structural linguists called "morphophonemes" or the Prague school linguists labelled "archiphonemes," being unspecified for any feature that is contextually redundant or predictable. For instance, the first segment of the phonological representation of "man" will not...
association of architects specializing in school buildings that was founded in 1946 in Cambridge, Mass., U.S., by Walter Gropius. The original partners included Norman Fletcher, John Harkness, Sarah Harkness, Robert McMillan, Louis McMillen, and Benjamin Thompson. [2 Related Articles]
(from the article "acoustics") Architectural acousticsabsorption of soundsoundSound absorptionMost sound-absorbing materials are nonlinear, in that they do not absorb the same fraction of
(from the article "drawing") There is one field in which drawing fulfills a distinct function: artistic architectural drawings are a final product as drawings, differing from the impersonal, exact plans and designs by the same "handwriting" character that typifies art drawings. In many cases, no execution of these plans was envisaged; since the early ...
(from the article "bridge") ...public, which is the final arbiter of this issue, but in general there are three positions taken by professionals. The first principle holds that the structure of a bridge is the province of the engineer and that beauty is fully achieved only by the addition of architecture. The second idea, ...
(from the article "painting, Western") ...the device of substituting for them a narrow stage on which the figures carry out the ritual before a drop scene of continuous painted panels. But the most common Second-style paintings are known as Architectural and show a threefold horizontal division of the wall into dado, central area, and cornice, ...
the art and technique of designing and building, as distinguished from the skills associated with construction. The practice of architecture is employed to fulfill both practical and expressive requirements of civilized people and thus embraces both utilitarian and aesthetic ends. Although these two ends may be distinguished, they cannot be ... [91 Related Articles]
