| | - Antoninus, Saint
- archbishop of Florence who is regarded as one of the founders of modern moral theology and Christian social ethics. [1 Related Articles]
- Antonio
- a Venetian merchant, the title character of Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice. Ostensibly the subject of the play, Antonio serves rather as a foil to Shylock, who is one of Shakespeare's best-known and most discussed characters. [1 Related Articles]
- Antonio
- (from the article "Tempest, The") The play opens with a storm raised by Prospero, who years earlier, as the rightful duke of Milan, had been set adrift in a boat with his three-year-old daughter, Miranda, by his usurping brother, Antonio. Prospero, more interested in his books and his magic than in the pragmatics of ruling ...
- Antonio I Nvita a Nkanga
- (from the article "Kongo") ...small district of Mbwila, culminating in the Battle of Mbwila (or Ulanga) on Oct. 29, 1665. The Portuguese were victorious and killed the reigning manikongo, Antonio I Nvita a Nkanga, during the battle. Although Kongo continued to exist, from this point on it ceased to function as ...
- Antonio the Elder
- (from the article "Barberini Family") ...base of the Barberini power. Francesco (1597-1679) was the first cardinal nominated by his uncle Pope Urban VIII (October 1623). The second family member Urban named cardinal was his brother Antonio the Elder (1569-1646), who is notable chiefly for encouraging the construction of religious buildings in Rome.
- Antonio the Younger
- (from the article "Barberini Family") Antonio the Younger (1607-71), Urban's nephew, who became the family's third cardinal in 1628, proved himself an able negotiator and was entrusted with certain legations, including those of Urbano (1631) and Avignon (1633). A patron of the arts, he supported, among others, the Baroque sculptor and architect Gian Lorenzo Bernini ...
- Antonio, Mario
- scholar, short-story writer, and poet whose works focus alternately on Angolan and Portuguese cultures. A poet of personal love and social protest in his early years, Antonio in his later poems frequently presents verbal portraits of moods, places, and experiences.
- Antonio, Nicolas
- first systematic historian of Spanish literature. His Bibliotheca Hispana appeared in two parts (Nova, 1672; Vetus, 1696). The first is a vast bibliography of Peninsular and Spanish colonial writers after 1500, with critical evaluations. The second, a history of Peninsular literature ...
- Antonio, Prior Of Crato
- ecclesiastic and claimant to the throne of Portugal who never gained the crown despite armed assistance from France and England. [2 Related Articles]
- Antonioni, Michelangelo
- Italian film director, cinematographer, and producer, noted for his avoidance of "realistic" narrative in favour of character study and a vaguely metaphorical series of incidents. Among his major films are Le amiche (1955; The Girlfriends), L'avventura (1960; The Adventure), L'eclisse (1962; [3 Related Articles]
- Antoniotto I
- (from the article "Adorno Family") ...imperial vicar by the Holy Roman emperor Charles IV in 1368, and was driven from power two years later by an uprising led by Domenico Fregoso. Eight years later the Adorno returned to office with Antoniotto I (d. 1397), who was alternately ousted and reinstated until he was elected doge ...
- Antoniotto II
- (from the article "Adorno Family") Another Adorno doge, Agostino (served 1487-99), a faithful supporter of the Sforza dukes of Milan, relinquished his office when Louis XII of France conquered Milan. His son Antoniotto II came to power during the stormy early 16th century, ruling the city briefly in 1513 as vicar of the king of ...
- Antoniterkirche
- (from the article "Cologne") ...Sankt Aposteln, and Gross Sankt Martin. After sustaining severe wartime damage, these churches underwent a program of restoration, the completion of which was celebrated in 1985. The 14th-century Antoniterkirche, a secularized monastery church, was made over to the Protestants in 1802 and became the first public Lutheran church in Cologne.
- Antonius, Lucius
- (from the article "Fulvia") After Antony and Octavian had deprived Lepidus of his place in the triumvirate and Antony was living with Cleopatra, Fulvia conspired with Antony's brother, Lucius Antonius, against Octavian, who was given the unpopular task of taking land from Italians to give to Caesar's veterans. Perhaps out of jealousy, wanting to ...
- Antonius, Marcus
- (from the article "ancient Rome") At the same time, Marcus Antonius, father of the later Triumvir, was given a command against the pirates in the eastern Mediterranean (whom his father had already fought in 102-100), partly, perhaps, as further reinsurance against Pompey. With Italian manpower heavily committed, a minor slave rising led by Spartacus (73) ...
- antonomasia
- a figure of speech in which some defining word or phrase is substituted for a person's proper name (for example, "the Bard of Avon" for William Shakespeare). In fiction, the practice of giving to a character a proper name that defines or suggests a leading quality of that character (such ...
- Antonveneta Bank
- (from the article "Italy") ...Bank meeting in Washington, D.C. Prosecutors reportedly wanted Fazio to explain why in July he had given the green light for the Italian Banca Popolare Italiana (BPI) to bid for Italy's far-larger Antonveneta Bank despite a more solid rival bid by the Dutch bank ABN Amro. In a taped phone ...
- Antony and Cleopatra
- tragedy in five acts by William Shakespeare, written in 1606-07 and published in the First Folio of 1623 from an authorial draft in a more finished state than most of his working papers or possibly from a transcript of those papers not yet prepared as a playbook. It is considered ... [9 Related Articles]
- Antony of Vaudemont
- (from the article "Rene I") ...elder daughter of Charles II of Lorraine. Sole ruler of Bar from 1430, he claimed Lorraine by right of his wife on Charles II's death (1431). King Charles VII of France supported this claim, but Antony of Vaudemont contested it.
- Antony, Mark
- Roman general under Julius Caesar and later triumvir (43-30 BC), who, with Cleopatra, queen of Egypt, was defeated by Octavian (the future emperor Augustus) in the last of the civil wars that destroyed the Roman Republic. [27 Related Articles]
- Antony, Mark
- Roman general and, after Caesar's death, one of the triumvirs in Shakespeare's Julius Caesar and the hero of Antony and Cleopatra. Constructing his play around events in Roman history, Shakespeare presented Antony as a loyal friend and noble subject in Julius ... [2 Related Articles]
- antonymy
- (from the article "language") It has been maintained that the human brain has a preference for binary oppositions, or polarities. If this is so, it will help explain the numerous pairs of related antonyms that are found: "good, bad"; "hot, cold"; "high, low"; "right, wrong"; "dark, light"; and so on. For finer discriminations, these ...
- antpipit
- either of two species of South American birds of the genus Corythopis that resemble pipits in size, shape, and coloration. The name antpipit is sometimes improperly applied to the gnateaters (Conopophaga), who were formerly classified with antpipits in the family Conopophagidae; Corythopis is now usually classified with the tyrant flycatchers ...
- Antratsyt
- city, eastern Ukraine. Established in the late 19th century, it was incorporated in 1938. It is an anthracite-mining town, from which product it takes its name, and a typical industrial centre in the Donets Coal Basin. Its rise was due to the Soviet five-year plans for economic growth. Pop. (2001) ...
- antrectomy
- (from the article "gastrectomy") The most common procedure is antrectomy, which removes the lower half of the stomach (antrum), the chief site of gastrin secretion. The remaining stomach is then reconnected to the first section of the small intestine (duodenum). In a more extensive procedure, subtotal gastrectomy, as much as three-quarters of the stomach ...
- Antrim
- former (until 1973) county, northeastern Northern Ireland, occupying an area of 1,176 square miles (3,046 square km), across the 13-mile- (21-kilometre-) wide North Channel from the Mull of Kintyre in Scotland. [3 Related Articles]
- Antrim
- town, seat, and district (established 1973), formerly in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. Antrim town is located in the valley of the Six Mile Water stream, at the northeastern corner of Lough (lake) Neagh. In 1798, the town was the scene of a battle in which several thousand nationalist (essentially Presbyterian) ...
- Antrim Coast Road
- (from the article "Larne") ...the high moors descend more gradually into hills and lowlands and then to the flat shores of Larne Lough (inlet of the sea). Tourism and harbour services at Larne town are the main industries. The Antrim Coast Road, one of the greatest tourist attractions in Northern Ireland with its many ...
- Antrim Mountains
- (from the article "Antrim") Its northern and eastern parts were composed of the Antrim Mountains, an ancient basalt plateau of moorland and peat bogs cut by deep glens, ending at its northeastern corner in Fair Head (635 feet [194 m]), a perpendicular cliff. Collapse of the basalt caused the depression holding Lough Neagh, the ...
- Antrim, Randal MacDonnell, Marquess and 2nd Earl of, Viscount Dunluce
- prominent Roman Catholic Royalist during the English Civil Wars who later turned against King Charles I and was employed by Oliver Cromwell.
- Antropofagia
- (from the article "Andrade, Oswald de") ...primitive spontaneity of expression of the indigenous Brazilians, emphasizing the need for modern Brazil to become aware of its own heritage. To this end, he founded the literary movement known as Antropofagia ("Cannibalism"), a splinter group of Modernism, which, although short-lived, proved influential in its emphasis on folklore and native ...
- antrum
- (from the article "digestive system, human") ...wall; it frequently contains a gas bubble, especially after a meal. The largest part of the stomach is known simply as the body; it serves primarily as a reservoir for ingested food and liquids. The antrum, the lowermost part of the stomach, is somewhat funnel-shaped, with its wide end joining ...
- Antsirabe
- town, central Madagascar. It lies on the slopes of the nation's second highest peak, Tsiafajavona, in the Ankaratra mountains. Thermal springs, associated with ancient volcanism, together with an elevation of 4,000 feet (1,200 metres) encouraged the development of a health resort there in 1923. The terminus of a rail line ...
- Antsiranana
- town at the northern tip of Madagascar. Antsiranana, which is situated on a promontory at the south end of a bay, developed from a French naval base. The local economy still depends on the naval yards and on the transshipment of cargoes between coasters and larger vessels. The town's main ... [1 Related Articles]
- Antum
- (from the article "Anu") ...An. His holy city was Uruk (Erech), in the southern herding region, and the bovine imagery suggests that he belonged originally to the herders' pantheon. In Akkadian myth Anu was assigned a consort, Antum (Antu), but she seems often to have been confused with Ishtar (Inanna), the celebrated goddess of ...
- Antunes Rocha, Carmen Lucia
- (from the article "Brazil") On May 10 President Lula appointed Carmen Lucia Antunes Rocha to the Supreme Court to replace Nelson Jobim. Antunes Rocha, who was sworn in on June 21, became the second woman on the Supreme Court. Earlier in the year, Supreme Court Minister Ellen Gracie Northfleet was sworn in to a ...
- Antunes, Antonio Lobo
- (from the article "Literature") ...As pequenas memorias, narrating the first 15 years (1922-37) of the author's life growing up in a poor family that moved to Lisbon from a village in the province of Ribatejo. Antunes published a novel, Ontem nao te vi em Babilonia, a dense, fragmented, and sometimes impenetrable work in line ...
- Antunez, Nemesio
- (from the article "Latin American art") In painting, artists such as Nemesio Antunez of Chile used checkerboard geometry to create illusionistic canvases in the 1960s that seem to billow and scintillate with closely placed contrasting colours, qualities that also allied him with the Op art movement. Eduardo MacEntyre of Argentina, a founding member of Generative Art ...
- Antwerp
- (from the article "Belgium") ...(more than one-half of the total population), who are concentrated in the five northern and northeastern provinces (West Flanders, East Flanders [West-Vlaanderen, Oost-Vlaanderen], Flemish Brabant, Antwerp, and Limburg). Just north of the boundary between Walloon Brabant (Brabant Walloon) and Flemish (Vlaams) Brabant lies the officially bilingual but majority French-speaking Brussels-Capital...
- Antwerp
- city, Flanders Region, Belgium. It is one of the world's major seaports. [21 Related Articles]
- Antwerp Bible
- (from the article "biblical literature") ...Testament, almost certainly the work of the Reformer Jacques Lefevre d'Etaples (Faber Stapulensis). The Old Testament appeared in Antwerp in 1528 and the two together in 1530 as the Antwerp Bible. The first true Protestant version came out in Serrieres, near Neuchatel, five years later, the work of Pierre Robert, ...
- Antwerp Mannerists
- the unidentified group of painters working primarily in Antwerp (but also in other Flemish cities) in about 1520 whose works bear certain characteristic features. The paintings are instructive records of an unavailing attempt to combine the Gothic and Renaissance styles and to incorporate disparate Flemish and Italian traditions into the ... [1 Related Articles]
- Antwerp Olympic Games
- (from the article "Olympic Games") The 1920 Olympics were awarded to Antwerp in hopes of bringing a spirit of renewal to Belgium, which had been devastated during the war. The defeated countries of World War I-Germany, Austria, Hungary, Bulgaria, and Turkey-were not invited. The new Soviet Union chose not to attend.Guillemot
- Antwerp Polyglot Bible
- (from the article "polyglot Bible") The Biblia Regia, or Antwerp Polyglot (1569-72), is another important polyglot. The work, paid for by Philip II of Spain, was supervised by the Spanish scholar Benedictus Arias Montanus and printed in Antwerp by a well-known printer, Christophe Plantin.
published by Plantin
- Antwerp Stock Exchange
- (from the article "Antwerp") ...malt factories, and bleaching works. Together with the already established finishing works of (English) cloth, tapestry, and silk factories, the sugar refineries, and the diamond industry, they made Antwerp one of the greatest industrial centres of western Europe. Antwerp also became a financial centre: its Stock Exchange (inaugurated 1531), a ...
- Antwerp Zoo
- zoological garden in Antwerp, Belg., that has one of the largest and most diversified animal collections in Europe. It houses more than 6,000 specimens, including about 300 reptiles and 1,700 fish, which represent more than 1,160 different species. Among the most notable specimens of the mammal collection are the rare ...
- Antwerp, Treaty of
- (from the article "Austrian Netherlands") The Treaty of Antwerp (also known as the Treaty of the Barriers, 1715) further provided that the Austrian administration of the southern Low Countries would remain essentially unchanged from the Spanish rule; the official organ of the region was simply transferred from Madrid to Vienna. As the natural prince of ...
- antyesti
- Hindu funeral rites, varying according to the caste and religious sect of the deceased but generally involving cremation followed by disposal of the ashes in a sacred river. Antyesti rites are the final sacraments (samskaras) in a series that ideally begins at the moment of conception and is performed at ... [1 Related Articles]
- Anu
- Mesopotamian sky god and a member of the triad of deities completed by Enlil and Ea (Enki). Like most sky gods, Anu, although theoretically the highest god, played only a small role in the mythology, hymns, and cults of Mesopotamia. He was the father not only of all the ... [15 Related Articles]
- Anu, Chao
- ruler of the Lao kingdom of Vientiane who tried unsuccessfully to secure independence for central and southern Laos from its Siamese overlords. [1 Related Articles]
- anubhava
- (from the article "pratyaksa") ...first of the five means of knowledge, or pramanas, that enable a person to have correct cognitions of the world. Pratyaksa is of two kinds, direct perception (anubhava) and remembered perception (smrti). Some schools make a further distinction between indiscriminate perception (nirvikalpaka), in which the object is perceived...
|
|
