| | - Antilochus
- in Greek legend, son of Nestor, king of Pylos. One of the suitors of Helen, whose abduction caused the Trojan War, he accompanied his father to the war and distinguished himself as acting commander of the Pylians. As the story was told in the lost epic Aethiopis, ...
- antilock braking system
- (from the article "computer science") ...cases, scheduling theory is utilized by the systems designer in determining how the tasks should be scheduled on a given processor. A good example of a system that requires real-time action is the antilock braking system (ABS) on most newer vehicles; because it is critical that the ABS instantly react ...
- antilogarithm
- (from the article "logarithm") ...n by looking up each number's logarithm in a special table, adding the logarithms together, and then consulting the table again to find the number with that calculated logarithm (known as its antilogarithm). Expressed in terms of common logarithms, this relationship is given by log mn = log m + log n. For example,...
- antilogic
- (from the article "Sophist") ...frequently repeated without question. The Platonic writings make frequent reference to what Plato calls "eristic" (Greek eristikos, "fond of wrangling") and "antilogic"; the two often have been incorrectly treated as identical. Eristic, for Plato, consists in arguments aimed at victory rather than at truth. Antilogic involves the assignment to any...
- antilopine kangaroo
- (from the article "kangaroo") The antilopine kangaroo (M. antilopinus), sometimes called the antilopine wallaroo, replaces the red kangaroo in the plains of the tropical north, from Cape York Peninsula in the east to the Kimberleys in the west. It is smaller than the red kangaroo and more wallaroo-like in general appearance, although it is ...
- antilymphocyte serum
- (from the article "transplant") If rabbits receive repeated injections of mouse lymphocytes, they become immunized and develop antibodies against the mouse cells. The serum from the rabbits' blood can be injected into mice and will often prevent them from rejecting grafts, both from other mice and even, sometimes, from other species. Such antilymphocyte serums ...
- antimacassar
- protective covering thrown over the back of a chair or the head or cushions of a sofa, named after Macassar, a hair-oil in general use in the 19th century. The original antimacassars were made of stiff white crochet-work, but later soft, coloured materials, such as embroidered wools or silks, were ...
- Antimachus of Colophon
- Greek poet and scholar, author of an epic in 24 books entitled Thebais, about the expedition of the Seven Against Thebes. This work enjoyed little popular success at first, but it was greatly admired in antiquity, beginning with Plato. Antimachus's other poetry included the
- antimalarial drug
- (from the article "malaria") ...malarial fevers since ancient times in China. All of these drugs destroy the malarial parasites while they are living inside red blood cells. For the treatment of malignant or cerebral malaria, the antimalarial drug must be given intravenously without delay, and measures are taken to restore the red blood cell ...
- antimanic drug
- (from the article "drug") Mania is a severe form of emotional disturbance in which a person is progressively and inappropriately euphoric and simultaneously hyperactive in speech and locomotor behaviour. This is often accompanied by significant insomnia, excessive talking, extreme confidence, and increased appetite. As the episode builds, the person experiences racing thoughts, extreme agitation, ...
- antimasque
- (from the article "Jonson, Ben") ...The Masque of Queens (1609). In his masques Jonson was fertile in inventing new motives for the arrival of the strangers. But this was not enough: he also invented the "antimasque," which preceded the masque proper and which featured grotesques or comics who were primarily actors rather than dancers or ...
- antimatter
- substance composed of subatomic particles that have the mass, electric charge, and magnetic moment of the electrons, protons, and neutrons of ordinary matter but for which the electric charge and magnetic moment are opposite in sign. The antimatter particles corresponding to electrons, protons, and neutrons are called positrons (e+), antiprotons ... [2 Related Articles]
- antimension
- (from the article "relic") In the Eastern Orthodox churches, devotion is focused on icons rather than upon relics, though the antimension (the cloth upon which the divine liturgy is celebrated) always contains a relic. The attitude of the 16th-century Protestant Reformers toward relics was uniformly negative, and the veneration of relics has not been ...
- antimetabolite
- a substance that competes with, replaces, or inhibits a specific metabolite of a cell and thereby interferes with the cell's normal metabolic functioning. An antimetabolite is similar in structure to a metabolite, or enzymatic substrate, which is normally recognized and acted upon by an enzyme to form a substance required ... [3 Related Articles]
- antimicrobial agent
- any of a large variety of chemical compounds and physical agents that are used to destroy microorganisms or to prevent their development. [2 Related Articles]
- antimicrobial chemotherapy
- (from the article "drug") The production and use of penicillin in the early 1940s became the basis for the era of modern antimicrobial chemotherapy. Streptomycin was discovered in 1944, and since then many other antibiotics have been found and put into use. Chemotherapeutic agents that are used in the treatment of disease are of ...
- antimissile defense system
- (from the article "Azerbaijan") Russian Pres. Vladimir Putin suggested on June 7 that the joint use by Russia and the U.S. of the Gabala radar station in Azerbaijan could obviate the need for the planned U.S. antimissile defense system in Poland and the Czech Republic. Azerbaijani, Russian, and U.S. officials inspected the Gabala facility ...
- Antimoerus of Mende
- (from the article "Sophist") ...such as those of Plato and Isocrates. Plato's dialogue Protagoras describes something like a conference of Sophists at the house of Callias in Athens just before the Peloponnesian War. Antimoerus of Mende, described as one of the most distinguished of Protagoras' pupils, is there receiving professional instruction in order to ...
- antimonial lead
- (from the article "lead processing") The most common and important metal alloyed with lead is antimony. Antimonial lead alloys usually contain from 1 to 6 percent antimony, but they may contain as much as 25 percent. Other components usually include tin, iron, copper, zinc, silver, arsenic, or traces of nickel. Because it has improved hardness ...
- antimonide
- any member of a rare mineral group consisting of compounds of one or more metals with antimony (Sb). The coordination of the metal is virtually always octahedral or tetrahedral; i.e., in the former, each metal ion occupies a position within an octahedron composed of six negatively charged antimony ions, whereas, ...
- antimony
- a metallic element belonging to the nitrogen family (Group Va of the periodic table). Antimony exists in many allotropic forms (physically distinct conditions that result from different arrangements of the same atoms in molecules or crystals). A brief treatment of antimony follows. For full treatment, see nitrogen group element: Antimony. [11 Related Articles]
- antimony poisoning
- harmful effects upon body tissues and functions of ingesting or inhaling certain compounds of antimony. Such poisoning resembles arsenic poisoning.
- antimuon
- (from the article "Feynman diagram") ...(e+), and both are annihilated. A photon is created by the collision, and it subsequently forms two new particles in space: a muon (mu−) and its antiparticle, an antimuon (mu+). In the diagram of this interaction, both antiparticles (e+ and mu+) are represented as their corresponding particles moving backward in...
- Antin, David
- American poet, translator, and art critic who became best known for his improvisational "talk poems," first published in Talking (1972), which blend lighthearted storytelling and comedy with social commentary.
- Antin, Mary
- American author remembered for her autobiographical work The Promised Land and other books on immigrant life in the United States. [1 Related Articles]
- antineoplastic agent
- (from the article "drug") Antineoplastic agents are divided into categories based on their mode of action. Since most of the drugs exert their effects in a certain part of the cell cycle (e.g., cell growth phase, cell division phase, resting phase), many treatment regimens require two or more of these agents. One drug may ...
- antineoplastic antibiotic
- (from the article "drug") Antineoplastic antibiotics (doxorubicin, daunorubicin, bleomycin, mitomycin, and dactinomycin) are derived from Streptomyces species. While they may have antibacterial activity, they are generally too dangerous and toxic for that use. These antibiotics affect DNA synthesis and replication by inserting into DNA or by donating electrons which result in the production of ...
- antineutrino
- (from the article "physical science, principles of") ...nuclei have a higher-than-ideal ratio of protons to neutrons and may adjust the proportion by the reverse process, a proton being converted into a neutron with the expulsion of a positron and an antineutrino. For example, a magnesium nucleus containing 12 protons and 11 neutrons spontaneously changes to a stable ...
- antineutron
- antiparticle of the ordinary neutron, first produced in 1956 at the Bevatron particle accelerator at the University of California, Berkeley, by passing an antiproton beam through matter. Antineutrons were created when antiprotons in the beam exchanged their negative charge with nearby protons, which have a positive charge. The antineutrons were ... [3 Related Articles]
- anting
- (from the article "passeriform") A characteristic but poorly understood behaviour pattern of passerines is the practice of anting. This peculiar ritual has two forms: active anting, in which a bird picks up worker ants in its bill and wipes them on its feathers in a stereotyped manner, and passive anting, in which the bird ...
- antinode
- (from the article "standing wave") ...times there are positions (N) along the rope, called nodes, at which there is no movement at all; there the two wave trains are always in opposition. On either side of a node is a vibrating antinode (A). The antinodes alternate in the direction of displacement so that the rope ...
- antinomianism
- (Greek anti, "against"; nomos, "law"), doctrine according to which Christians are freed by grace from the necessity of obeying the Mosaic Law. The antinomians rejected the very notion of obedience as legalistic; to them the good life flowed from the inner working of the Holy Spirit. In this circumstance they ... [2 Related Articles]
- antinomy
- in philosophy, contradiction, real or apparent, between two principles or conclusions, both of which seem equally justified; it is nearly synonymous with the term paradox. Immanuel Kant, the father of critical philosophy, in order to show the inadequacy of pure reason in the field of metaphysics, employed the word antinomies ... [7 Related Articles]
- Antinoopolis
- Roman city in ancient Egypt, on the east bank of the Nile, 24 miles (38 km) south of modern al-Minya in al-Minya muhafazah (governorate) and 177 miles (285 km) south of Cairo. The earliest levels excavated date to the New Kingdom (1567-1085 BC). On the site of ...
- Antinori, Severino
- On Jan. 25, 2001, Severino Antinori, an Italian physician and research scientist specializing in human fertility, announced that he planned to begin work on a project to clone humans and that he had already found 10 couples who were willing to participate. Joining him as his future partner was American ...
- Antinous
- homosexual lover of the Roman emperor Hadrian, deified by the emperor after his death in Egypt, where he drowned. Hadrian erected temples to him throughout the empire and founded a city, named Antinoopolis, in his honour, near the place where he died. An obelisk, now in Rome near the Porta ... [2 Related Articles]
- antinuclear antibody
- (from the article "immune system disorder") ...the deposition of immune complexes. The immune complexes form when autoantibodies are made against the nucleic acids and protein constituents of the nucleus of cells. Such autoantibodies, called antinuclear antibodies, do not attack healthy cells, since the nucleus lies within the cell and is not accessible to antibodies. Antigen-antibody complexes ...
- antinucleon
- (from the article "annihilation") ...pi-mesons and K-mesons-which are classified within the hadron group of subatomic particles. Other annihilation reactions also occur. Nucleons (protons and neutrons), for example, annihilate antinucleons (antiprotons and antineutrons), and the energy is also carried away in the form of particles such as pi-mesons and K-mesons and their corresponding antiparticles.antineutron
- Antioch
- ancient city in Phrygia, near the Pisidian border, close to modern Yalvac, in west-central Turkey. Founded by Seleucus I Nicator (c. 358-281 BC), it was made a free city in 189 BC by the Romans, who took direct control about 25 BC; soon thereafter the emperor Augustus made it a ...
- Antioch
- populous city of ancient Syria, and now a major town of south-central Turkey. It lies near the mouth of the Orontes River, about 12 miles (19 km) northwest of the Syrian border. [18 Related Articles]
- Antioch
- city, Contra Costa county, western California, U.S. Lying on the San Joaquin River, it was founded as Smith's Landing in 1849. In 1851 it was renamed for the biblical Antioch, and it developed from a small agricultural community into a major industrial complex. Many national manufacturers have large plants there, ...
- Antioch
- a principality centred on the city of Antioch, founded by European Christians in territory taken from the Muslims in 1098, during the First Crusade. It survived as a European outpost in the East for nearly two centuries. [3 Related Articles]
- Antioch University
- private coeducational institution of higher learning founded in 1852 as Antioch College in Yellow Springs, Ohio, U.S. It is noted for its experimental curricula and work-study programs. Horace Mann was its first president, serving from 1853 until his death in 1859. [4 Related Articles]
- Antioch, Council of
- (AD 341), a non-ecumenical Christian church council held at Antioch (modern Antakya in southeastern Turkey) on the occasion of the consecration of the emperor Constantine I's Golden Church there. It was the first of several 4th-century councils that attempted to replace orthodox Nicene theology with a modified Arianism (q.v.). Attended ... [1 Related Articles]
- Antioch, School of
- Christian theological institution in Syria, traditionally founded in about AD 200, that stressed the literal interpretation of the Bible and the completeness of Christ's humanity, in opposition to the School of Alexandria (see Alexandria, School of), which emphasized the allegorical interpretation of the Bible and stressed Christ's divinity. Flourishing in ... [8 Related Articles]
- Antiochene rite
- the system of liturgical practices and discipline observed by Syrian Monophysites (Jacobites), the Malabar Christians of Kerala, India (Jacobites), and three Eastern-rite communities of the Roman Catholic church: Catholic Syrians, Maronites, and Malankarese Christians of Kerala. The Antiochene rite is sometimes called the West Syrian rite to distinguish it from ...
- Antiochus Hierax
- younger brother of Seleucus II, heir to the Seleucid dominions in the Middle East. During his brother's war with Egypt, he declared independence in Anatolia and attempted to take over the throne. [1 Related Articles]
- Antiochus I Soter
- king of the Seleucid kingdom of Syria, who ruled about 292-281 BC in the east and 281-261 over the whole kingdom. Under great external pressures, he consolidated his kingdom and encouraged the founding of cities. [5 Related Articles]
- Antiochus II Theos
- king of the Seleucid dominions in the Middle East, who succeeded his father, Antiochus I, in 261 BC and spent much of his reign at war with Egypt, recovering much territory in Anatolia. [5 Related Articles]
- Antiochus III
- Seleucid king of the Hellenistic Syrian Empire from 223 BC to 187, who rebuilt the empire in the East but failed in his attempt to challenge Roman ascendancy in Europe and Asia Minor. He reformed the empire administratively by reducing the provinces in size, established a ruler cult (with himself ... [16 Related Articles]
- Antiochus IV Epiphanes
- Seleucid king of the Hellenistic Syrian kingdom who reigned from 175 to 164 BC. As a ruler he was best known for his encouragement of Greek culture and institutions. His attempts to suppress Judaism brought on the Wars of the Maccabees. [16 Related Articles]
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