major tributary of the Tiber (Tevere) River in central Italy. It rises from two springs in the Simbruini Mountains near Subiaco, southeast of Rome, flows through a narrow valley past Tivoli, and meanders through the Campagna di Roma (territory) to join the Tiber north of Rome. It is 67 miles ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "Mesopotamia, history of") Parthian rule was not firm over all Mesopotamia; thus, for example, during the reign of Artabanus III (AD 12-38) the Jewish brigands Asinaeus and Anilaeus set up a free state north of Ctesiphon that lasted 15 years before it was overcome by the Parthians. With the end of cuneiform records ...
family of harmless burrowing snakes, composed of three genera and more than 10 species with primitive features such as a vestigial pelvic girdle, an external claw on each side of the anal opening, and two lungs. One genus, the false coral snake (Anilius), is South American. Its most common species, ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "dye") ...were found to give better yields, leading to vigorous patent activity and several legal disputes. Inadvertent addition of excess aniline in a fuchsine preparation resulted in the discovery of aniline blue, a promising new dye, although it had poor water solubility. From the molecular formulas of these dyes, Hofmann showed ...
(from the article "technology, history of") ...of the herbalist, but by the end of the 19th century there had been some solid achievements in the analysis of existing drugs and in the preparation of new ones. The discovery in 1856 of the first aniline dye had been occasioned by a vain attempt to synthesize quinine from ...
(from the article "flexography") ...ones), corrugated-cardboard boxes, tape, envelopes, and metal foil. The inks used can be overlaid to achieve brilliant colours and special effects. Among the fluid inks used in flexography are aniline inks (aniline dyes dissolved in alcohol or some other volatile solvent), polyamide inks, acrylic inks, and water-based inks. These are ...
(from the article "snake") ...first five superfamilies listed below are more primitive and thus referred to as "lower snakes," Colubroidea being "higher snakes." 60 species in 12 genera. Small tropical fossorial or secretive snakes. Four fossil genera with 7 species from the Cretaceous to Pliocene of North and South America...
(from the article "Aniliidae") ...genera and more than 10 species with primitive features such as a vestigial pelvic girdle, an external claw on each side of the anal opening, and two lungs. One genus, the false coral snake (Anilius), is South American. Its most common species, A. scytale, has red and black rings, grows ...
(from the article "Lucretius") 2. The soul is made of exceedingly fine atoms and has two connected parts: the anima distributed throughout the body, which is the cause of sensation, and the animus in the breast, the central consciousness. The soul is born and grows with the body, and at death it is dissipated ...
(kingdom Animalia), any of a group of multicellular eukaryotic organisms (i.e., as distinct from bacteria, their deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, is contained in a membrane-bound nucleus). They are thought to have evolved independently from the unicellular eukaryotes. Animals differ from members of the two other kingdoms of ... [64 Related Articles]
(from the article "spider") ...Because the spider hangs upside down in its web, the hourglass mark is conspicuous. The venom contains a nerve toxin that causes severe pain in humans, especially in the abdominal region, though a bite is usually not fatal. There are widow spiders in most parts of the world except central ...
controlled propagation of domestic animals in order to improve desirable qualities. Humanity has been modifying domesticated animals to better suit human needs for centuries. Selective breeding involves using knowledge from several branches of science. These include genetics, statistics, reproductive physiology, computer science, and molecular genetics. This article discusses the basic ... [23 Related Articles]
the transmission of information from one animal to another by means of sound, visible sign or behaviour, taste or odour, electrical impulse, touch, or a combination of these mediums. In general, communication is employed by animals to attract or repel other individuals of particular groups and to establish and maintain ... [16 Related Articles]
the processes that lead eventually to the formation of a new animal starting from cells derived from one or more parent individuals. Development thus occurs following the process by which a new generation of organisms is produced by the parent generation. [6 Related Articles]
(from the article "livestock farming") Pigs have the same basic nutritional requirements as humans, which include water, various vitamins and minerals, protein for growth and repair, carbohydrates for energy, and fat to supply essential fatty acids that are not synthesized in adequate quantities. Water is often a forgotten nutrient because it is usually readily available. ...
(from the article "animal disease") ...has been separated from that of human medicine, the observations of the physician and the veterinarian continue to add to the common body of medical knowledge. Of the more than 1,200,000 species of animals thus far identified, only a few have been utilized in research, even though it is likely ...
(from the article "Table IV. World Production of Oilseeds and Products") Fats (and oils) may be divided into animal and vegetable fats according to source. Further, they may be classified according to their degree of unsaturation as measured by their ability to absorb iodine at the double bonds. This degree of unsaturation determines to a large extent the ultimate use of ...
(from the article "natural fibre") Natural fibres can be classified according to their origin. The vegetable, or cellulose-base, class includes such important fibres as cotton, flax, and jute; the animal, or protein-base, fibres include wool, mohair, and silk (qq.v.); an important fibre in the mineral class is asbestos (q.v.).
(from the article "adhesive") The term animal glue usually is confined to glues prepared from mammalian collagen, the principal protein constituent of skin, bone, and muscle. When treated with acids, alkalies, or hot water, the normally insoluble collagen slowly becomes soluble. If the original protein is pure and the conversion process is mild, the ...
(from the article "Africa") The persistence of relatively low-productivity agricultural systems over large parts of the continent also stems from a lack of integration between crop production and animal husbandry. Traditionally, sedentary cultivators like the Hausa in Nigeria and the Kikuyu in Kenya live apart from their nomadic herdsmen neighbours (the Fulani and Masai, ...
in calligraphy, rich, fanciful decorative motif characteristic of work by the Hiberno-Saxon book artists of the early Middle Ages in the British Isles. Its intertwined, fantastic animal and bird forms are often densely and minutely detailed-an example in the Book of Kells (c. 800) contains 158 interlacements in a space ...
the alternation of behaviour as a result of individual experience. When an organism can perceive and change its behaviour, it is said to learn. [12 Related Articles]
(from the article "animal rights") ...interest in animal rights and animal-protection issues was significant. Dozens of law schools in Europe, the United States, and elsewhere offered courses in animal law and animal rights; the Animal Legal Defense Fund had created an even greater number of law-student chapters in the United States; and at least three ...
a presumed intangible or mysterious force that is said to influence human beings. The term was used by the German physician Franz Anton Mesmer to explain the hypnotic procedure that he used in the treatment of patients. (See hypnosis.) Mesmer believed that it was an occult force or invisible fluid ... [1 Related Articles]
(from the article "mask") ...and British Columbian Indian fulfills the same function. The African totem mask is often carved from ebony or other hard woods, designed with graceful lines and showing a highly polished surface. Animal masks, their features elongated and beautifully formalized, are common in western Africa. Dried grass, woven palm fibres, coconuts, ...
(from the article "Elton, Charles") In 1932 Elton established his Bureau of Animal Population at Oxford. It became both a world centre for the collection of data on variations in animal numbers and a research institute in terrestrial ecology. It attracted workers from many countries, providing training for younger individuals who carried the Elton tradition ...
moral or legal entitlements attributed to nonhuman animals, usually because of the complexity of their cognitive, emotional, and social lives or their capacity to experience physical or emotional pain or pleasure. Historically, different views of the scope of animal rights have reflected philosophical and legal developments, scientific conceptions of animal ... [8 Related Articles]
(from the article "Hylton, R. Dale") ...director of the New Jersey branch of the HSUS, Hylton was appointed in 1967 as program director of the National Humane Education Center (NHEC), the HSUS's new humane-education headquarters and model animal shelter in Waterford, Va. His activities included investigating and leading instruction in humane methods of animal euthanasia at ...
(from the article "Hagenbeck, Carl") In 1887 Hagenbeck took up the cause of humane treatment of animals with the aim of demonstrating that the beatings and hot irons then used in animal training were both cruel and unnecessary. In 1889 he introduced a lion act in which, as a finale, three lions pulled him around ...
(from the article "virus") Virtually all plant viruses are transmitted by insects or other organisms (vectors) that feed on plants. The hosts of animal viruses vary from protozoans (single-celled animal organisms) to humans. Many viruses infect either invertebrate animals or vertebrates, and some infect both. Certain viruses that cause serious diseases of animals and ...
(from the article "Hylton, R. Dale") ...legislature in 1965 adopted a law that required dealers to obtain a kennel license in order to sell dogs. Hylton's reports were later presented as evidence in congressional hearings on the federal Animal Welfare Act of 1966. Signed into law in August of that year, the act remains the only ...
veneration of an animal, usually because of its connection with a particular deity. The term was used by Western religionists in a pejorative manner and by ancient Greek and Roman polemicists against theriomorphic religions-those religions whose gods are represented in animal form. Most examples given for animal worship, however, are ... [11 Related Articles]
(from the article "biology") ...feat for hand-ground lenses. Among his most conspicuous observations was the discovery in 1675 of the existence in stagnant water and prepared infusions of many protozoans, which he called animalcules. He observed the connections between the arteries and veins; gave particularly fine accounts of the microscopic structure of muscle, the ...
(from the article "Barye, Antoine-Louis") prolific French sculptor, painter, and printmaker, whose subject was primarily animals. He is known as the father of the modern Animalier school.
(from the article "myth") ...In some traditions, this is confined to the familiar or guardian of a witch or shaman; in others, it is an individual relationship possible for any man. An example of the latter relationship is nagualism, a phenomenon found among the Indians of Guatemala and Honduras in Central America. Nagualism is ...
(from the article "United States") After National Football League star Michael Vick was arrested on federal dogfighting charges, several states moved to bolster animal cruelty laws. New Mexico and Louisiana became the last two states to ban cockfighting, although the Louisiana law would not take effect until August 2008.bearbaiting
supernatural figure regarded as the protector of game in the traditions of foraging peoples. The name was devised by Western scholars who have studied such hunting and gathering societies. In some traditions, the master of the animals is believed to be the ruler of the forest and guardian of all ... [3 Related Articles]
five-piece rock group from northeastern England whose driving sound influenced Bob Dylan's decision, in 1965, to begin working with musicians playing electric instruments. The principal members were Eric Burdon (b. May 11, 1941, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear, Eng., ), Alan Price (b. April 19, 1942, Fatfield, Durham, ), ...
the art of making inanimate objects appear to move. Animation is an artistic impulse that long predates the movies. History's first recorded animator is Pygmalion of Greek and Roman mythology, a sculptor who created a figure of a woman so perfect that he fell in love with her and begged ... [13 Related Articles]
(from the article "religion, study of") The English anthropologist R.R. Marett (1866-1943), in contrast to Tylor, viewed what he termed animatism as of basic importance. He took his clue from such ideas as mana, mulungu, orenda, and so on (concepts found in the Pacific, Africa, and America, respectively), referring to a supernatural power (a kind of ...
(from the article "motion picture, history of the") ...until nearly a decade after their appearance in Europe, where England and France had taken an early lead in both production and exhibition. Britain's first projector, the theatrograph (later the animatograph), had been demonstrated in 1896 by the scientific instrument maker Robert W. Paul. In 1899 Paul formed his own ...
(from the article "animation") A century after its birth, animation continues to evolve. The most exciting developments are found on two distinct fronts: the anime ("animation") of Japan and the prime-time television cartoons of the United States. An offspring of the dense, novelistic style of Japanese manga comic ...
division of Precambrian rocks and time in North America (the Precambrian occurred from 3.96 billion to 540 million years ago). The Animikie Series, the uppermost division of the Huronian System, overlies rocks of the Cobalt Series.
belief in innumerable spiritual beings concerned with human affairs and capable of helping or harming human interests. Animistic beliefs were first competently surveyed by Sir Edward Burnett Tylor in his work Primitive Culture (1871), to which is owed the continued currency of the term. While none of the major world ... [22 Related Articles]
(from the article "Lucretius") 2. The soul is made of exceedingly fine atoms and has two connected parts: the anima distributed throughout the body, which is the cause of sensation, and the animus in the breast, the central consciousness. The soul is born and grows with the body, and at death it is dissipated ...
(from the article "Dibang Valley") ...and blacksmithing. The system of roads in the Dibang Valley region is largely undeveloped. Most distances are traveled over simple tracks, though there are a few all-weather roads. Anini is the chief settlement in the region. The Igu, a somber dance performed by the Idu Mishmi priests, is closely associated ...
