| | - anga
- (Pali and Sanskrit: "limb," or "division"), any of several categories into which Buddhist canonical writings were divided in early times, beginning before the Abhidhamma (scholastic) works were added to the canon. The system, based on a combination of form and content, originally categorized types of material within the various texts; ...
- Angad
- second Sikh Guru and originator of the Punjabi script, Gurmukhi, in which many parts of the Adi Granth, the sacred book of the Sikhs, are written. [5 Related Articles]
- angakok
- (from the article "shamanism") Shamanism predominates in the religious life of the Inuit and Yupik (Eskimo) peoples. In these cultures the chief prerogatives of the shaman (angakok; plural angakut) are healing and trance-based underwater journeys to the Mother of Animals for the purpose of assuring an abundance of ...
- Angami
- (from the article "Nagaland") Tribal organization varies from the autocratic angs (chiefs) of the Konyaks and hereditary chieftainships of the Semas and Changs to the democratic structures of the Angamis, Aos, Lothas, and Rengmas. A prominent village institution is the morung (a communal house or dormitory for young unmarried men), where skulls and other ...
- Angara River
- river in southeast central Russia. It is the outlet for Lake Baikal and a major tributary of the Yenisey River, which it joins near Yeniseysk. The river flows for 1,105 miles (1,779 km) across the southern part of the Central Siberian Plateau and drains over 400,000 square miles (1,040,000 square ... [2 Related Articles]
- Angara Valley
- (from the article "Stone Age") The best-explored regions are the shores of Lake Baikal, the Angara Valley, the upper Lena, and the lower Selenga. The earliest Neolithic culture shows Siberian Upper Paleolithic traits; the flint tradition of small implements persisted alongside a wood-working and quartzite industry, which developed as a result of adaptation to a ...
- Angaran platform
- (from the article "Asia") The oldest rocks in Asia are found in the continental nuclei. Rocks more than 3 billion years old are in the Precambrian outcrops of the Angaran and Indian platforms and in the North China paraplatform. They consist of primitive island-arc magmatic and sparse sedimentary rocks sandwiched between younger basaltic and ...
- Angaran Shield
- (from the article "continental shield") In Asia the name Angaran Shield is applied to a large stable block bounded by the Lena and Yenisey rivers on the east and west and by the Arctic Ocean and Lake Baikal to the north and south. An area in China and North Korea is sometimes designated the China-Korean ...
- angaria
- Roman imperial transport and communication system. It was ultimately derived from that of the Achaemenian empire, which was probably established in the 6th century BC by Cyrus the Great. The angaria system, like the word, was presumably passed down to the Romans through the Hellenistic kingdoms. In ...
- Angarsk
- city, Irkutsk oblast (province), southeast central Russia, on the Trans-Siberian Railroad. Founded in 1948, Angarsk grew rapidly as a major centre of oil refining and petrochemicals. The city's industrial products include such goods as synthetic fibres, artificial fertilizers, plastics, boilers, and cement; there are also electro-engineering works and brewing facilities. ...
- angary
- in international law, the right of belligerents to requisition for their use neutral merchant vessels, aircraft, and other means of transport that are within their territorial jurisdiction. Generally, the right of angary should be applied only in case of pressing need in time of war, and compensation is due to ...
- Angas
- (from the article "African dance") Teams of savanna farmers on the Jos Plateau play instruments as they dance, using simple, repetitive rhythmic phrases. Angas men of West Africa blow 14 large buffalo horns as they perform the repetitive step pattern of the Rumada dance in a circle, following the line or moving in and out ...
- Angaur
- (from the article "Palau") The inhabited coral islands outside Palau's reef-lagoon-island system sit on volcanic substructures and consist of the Kayangel Islands, 25 miles (40 km) north of Babelthuap, and Angaur, 6 miles (10 km) south of Peleliu. Angaur was heavily mined for its phosphate first by the Germans and later by the Japanese. ...
- Angby Stone
- 11th-century memorial stone found in Uppland, Swed., bearing a runic inscription carved by Asmund Kareson (Osmundus), earliest known professional rune carver in Uppland. The stone is inscribed with a Maltese cross surrounded by two intertwining serpents and bears the message: "Ragnfrid had this stone erected in memory of Bjorn, her ...
- angel
- (from the article "coin") ...was reduced by Henry IV in face of foreign competition. Edward IV distinguished his noble by a rose on the ship (rose noble, or ryal) and raised its value to 10 shillings, while a new gold coin, the angel, was introduced to replace the old value of the noble; the ...
- angel and demon
- respectively, any benevolent or malevolent spiritual being that mediates between the transcendent and temporal realms. [7 Related Articles]
- Angel Choir
- (from the article "Western architecture") ...were imported, they were combined with the existing repertoire of colonettes, attached shafts, and vault ribs. The result, which could be extraordinarily dense-for instance, in the east (or Angel) choir (begun 1256) at Lincoln Cathedral and at Exeter Cathedral (begun before 1280)-has been called the English Decorated style, a term ...
- Angel Falls
- waterfall in the Guiana Highlands in Bolivar state, southeastern Venezuela, on the Churun River, a tributary of the Caroni, 160 miles (260 km) southeast of Ciudad Bolivar. The highest waterfall in the world, the cataract drops 3,212 feet (979 metres) and is 500 feet (150 metres) wide at the base. ... [5 Related Articles]
- angel food cake
- (from the article "cake") Spongecake and angel food cake are examples of unshortened mixtures. These cakes depend largely upon incorporated air for leavening, and, unless modified recipes are used, chemical raising agents are unnecessary, sufficient air to produce a light product being incorporated by whisking the eggs. In angel food cake, only the white ...
- angel shark
- (genus Squatina), any of about 15 species of shark that constitute a single genus (family Squatinidae, order Squatiniformes) and are characterized by flattened heads and bodies, with winglike pectoral and pelvic fins that make them resemble rays. The tail bears two dorsal fins and a well-developed caudal fin. The upper ...
- Angela da Foligno
- (from the article "Christianity") ...a flowering of interest in mysticism among women, evident in the Flemish Hadewijch of Brabant, the German Mechthild von Magdeburg, the French Marguerite Porete, and the Italians Clare of Assisi and Angela da Foligno.
- Angela Merici, Saint
- founder of the Ursuline (q.v.) order, the oldest order of women in the Roman Catholic church dedicated to teaching. [1 Related Articles]
- Angelarius
- (from the article "Boris I") ...faith among the Bulgarian people, in organizing the Bulgarian church as an independent institution, and in building churches throughout the country. In 886 he gave asylum to Clement, Nahum, and Angelarius, the disciples of Cyril and Methodius, missionaries to the Slavs, who had been driven out of Moravia. With Boris' ...
- Angelelli, Max
- (from the article "Automobile Racing") The Rolex 24 Hours of Daytona, sanctioned under the Grand American Sports Car series, saw the amateur trio of Wayne Taylor, Max Angelelli, and Emmanuel Collard cover 4,067.8 km (2,527.6 mi) in their Pontiac-Riley and easily defeat a field of 28 other prototypes co-driven by such professional superstars as Sebastien ...
- Angeles
- chartered city, central Luzon, Philippines. The city lies on the principal north-south highway and railway lines 50 miles (82 km) north of Manila. Angeles is the site of Angeles University (founded 1962), a Roman Catholic seminary, and several other colleges. Once known as the "city of the dollar," Angeles had ...
- Angeles National Forest
- (from the article "San Gabriel Mountains") ...Wilson (5,710 feet [1,740 metres]), with its famous astronomical observatory, just northeast of Pasadena; favourable weather allows its use about 300 days a year. The mountains are largely within Angeles National Forest. The southern foothills, which enter residential and agricultural communities of Los Angeles and San Bernardino counties, are noted ...
- Angeles, Victoria de los
- Spanish soprano known for her interpretations of Spanish songs and operatic parts and for the timbre of her voice. [1 Related Articles]
- angelfish
- any of various unrelated fishes of the order Perciformes. The angelfishes, or scalares, popular in home aquariums are members of the genus Pterophyllum and the cichlid (q.v.) family. They are thin, deep-bodied fishes with elongated dorsal, anal, and pelvic fins. Depending on the authority, one to three species may be ... [3 Related Articles]
- angelic acid
- (from the article "carboxylic acid") ...as Plexiglas and Lucite. The trans isomer of crotonic acid is found in croton oil. The cis isomer does not occur in nature but has been synthesized in the laboratory. Angelic and tiglic acids are a pair of cis-
- angelica
- (from the article "archlute") There were three main varieties of archlute: the chitarrone, theorbo (qq.v.), and theorbo-lute, or French lute. The angelica, or angel lute, of the 17th and 18th centuries, was related but had diatonically tuned strings and no frets.
- angelica
- sweet, fortified dessert wine said to have originated near Los Angeles, for which it is named. Angelica is one of the oldest California wines; it was probably originally made from the mission grape, a European variety brought to California in the 18th century by Spanish padres. Early versions of angelica ...
- angelica
- large genus of aromatic herbs of the family Apiaceae (Umbelliferae). The roots and fruit of the Eurasian species, Angelica archangelica (see ), yield angelica oil used to flavour liqueurs and in perfumery, while the tender shoots are used in making certain kinds of aromatic sweetmeats; tea made from the roots ...
- Angelica archangelica
- (from the article "angelica") large genus of aromatic herbs of the family Apiaceae (Umbelliferae). The roots and fruit of the Eurasian species, Angelica archangelica (see photograph), yield angelica oil used to flavour liqueurs and in perfumery, while the tender shoots are used in making certain kinds of aromatic sweetmeats; tea made from the roots ...
- angelica root
- (from the article "carboxylic acid") ...does not occur in nature but has been synthesized in the laboratory. Angelic and tiglic acids are a pair of cis-trans isomers. Angelic acid is found as an ester in angelica root, whereas tiglic acid occurs in croton oil and in several other natural ...
- Angelica sylvestris
- (from the article "angelica") ...the roots and leaves is a traditional medicine for respiratory ailments. In the Faroe Islands and in Iceland, where the plant grows abundantly, it is considered a vegetable. The British species, A. sylvestris, is a tall perennial herb with large bipinnate leaves and large compound umbels of white or purple ...
- angelica tree
- (species Aralia spinosa), prickly-stemmed shrub or tree, of the ginseng family (Araliaceae), that can reach a height of 15 m (about 50 feet). Its leaves are large, with leaflets arranged feather-fashion and often prickly. The angelica tree is native to low-lying areas from Delaware to Indiana, south to Florida, and ...
- Angelicals of St. Paul
- (from the article "Zaccaria, Saint Antonio Maria") Zaccaria's congregation preached and administered charitable work among the Milanese and was approved by Pope Clement VII in 1533. Zaccaria later founded the Angelicals of St. Paul, a similar order for women, which Pope Paul III approved in 1535. The two congregations performed missionary and educational work in Milan and ...
- Angelico, Fra
- Italian painter, one of the greatest 15th-century painters, whose works within the framework of the early Renaissance style embody a serene religious attitude and reflect a strong Classical influence. A great number of works executed during his career are altarpieces and frescoes created for the church and the priory of ... [3 Related Articles]
- Angelini, Anacleto
- Italian-born Chilean industrialist amassed a personal fortune of about $6 billion as a shrewd businessman who turned a succession of poorly run firms into successful enterprises after immigrating to Chile in 1948. He parlayed a Chilean paint company and a fishing concern into thriving businesses before taking control of Copec, ...
- Angelini, Giuseppe
- (from the article "Western sculpture") ...a painter, regrettably bad. His pupil and collaborator, Antonio d'Este, is one of the more interesting of the lesser Italian Neoclassical sculptors. Other Neoclassical sculptors in Rome included Giuseppe Angelini, best known for the tomb of the etcher and architect Giambattista Piranesi in the church of Sta. Maria del Priorato, ...
- Angell, James Burrill
- educator and diplomat who elevated the University of Michigan to academic prominence during his 38 years as its president. [2 Related Articles]
- Angell, James Rowland
- psychologist and university president who rebuilt and reorganized Yale University in the 1920s and '30s.
- Angell, Robert Cooley
- American sociologist known for his studies of individuals interacting in social groups such as government units, the church, the family, business enterprises, clubs, cooperatives, and other associations.
- Angell, Roger
- American author and editor who is considered one of the best baseball writers of all time. [1 Related Articles]
- Angell, Sir Norman
- English economist and worker for international peace, who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1933. [1 Related Articles]
- Angelman syndrome
- (from the article "Life Sciences") Epigenetic contributions to disease fall into two classes. One class involves genes that are themselves regulated epigenetically, such as the imprinted (parent-specific) genes associated with Angelman syndrome or Prader-Willi syndrome. Clinical outcomes in cases of these syndromes depend on the degree to which an inherited normal or mutated gene is ...
- Angelo
- (from the article "Measure for Measure") The play opens with Vincentio, the benevolent duke of Vienna, commissioning his deputy Angelo to govern the city while he travels to Poland. In actuality, the duke remains in Vienna disguised as a friar in order to watch what unfolds. Following the letter of the law, Angelo passes the death ...
- Angelo State University
- public, coeducational institution of higher education located in San Angelo, Texas, U.S. Angelo State is a regional university serving western Texas. It offers bachelor's degrees through the school of education and colleges of liberal and fine arts, business and professional studies, and sciences. Master's degrees are available in business administration, ...
- Angelo's School of Arms
- (from the article "Angelo, Domenico") ...Irish actress Margaret ("Peg") Woffington, who was on tour in Paris, and accompanied her back to London, where he quickly established his reputation as an expert fencer. He soon opened Angelo's School of Arms in Soho, and by 1758 he was instructing members of the royal family, including the prince ...
- Angelo, Domenico
- Italian fencing master. Angelo was the first to emphasize fencing as a means of developing health, poise, and grace. As a result of his insight and influence, fencing changed from an art of war to a sport.
- angelology
- (from the article "Judaism") ...adoption of concepts from outside and reactions against them. The speculative taste of Jewish thinkers between the 2nd century BCE and the 1st century CE took them in many different directions: angelology (doctrine about angels) and demonology (doctrine about devils); mythical geography and uranography (description of the heavens); contemplation of ...
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